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万象词典a>成语词典尔虞我诈尔虞我诈的故事
尔虞我诈的成语故事

拼音ěr yú wǒ zhà
基本解释尔:你;虞:猜测。意思是我骗你;你骗我;互相欺骗。
出处先秦 左丘明《左传 宣公十五年》:“我无尔诈,尔无我虞。”
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尔虞我诈的典故
春秋中期,楚国在中原称霸,楚庄王根本不把邻近的小国放在眼里。
有一次,他派大夫申舟出使齐国,指示他经过宋国的时候,不必要向它借路。申舟估计到这样一来,必定会触怒宋国,说不定因此而被杀死。但庄王坚持要他这样做,并向他保证,如果他被宋国杀死,自己将出兵讨伐宋国,为他报仇。申舟没有办法,只好将儿子申犀(xi)托付给庄王,然后出发。
不出申舟所料,他经过宋国时因没有借路而被抓住。宋国的执政大夫华元了解情况后,对庄王如此无礼非常气愤,对宋文公说:“经过我们宋国而不通知我们,这是把宋国当作属国看待。当属国等于亡国。如果杀掉楚国使者,楚国来讨伐我们,也不过是亡国。与其如此,倒不如把楚使杀掉!”
宋文公同意华元的看法,下令将申舟杀了。消息传到楚国,庄王听到后气得鞋子来不及穿,宝剑也没时间挂,就下令讨伐宋国。但是,宋国虽然是个小国,要攻灭它也并不容易。庄王从公元前595年秋出兵,一直围攻到次年夏天,还是没有把宋国的都城打下来。庄王的锐气大大低落,决定解围回国。
申舟的儿子申犀得知后,在庄王马前叩头说:“我父亲当时明知要死,可是不敢违抗您的命令。现在,您倒丢开从前说的话了。”庄王听了,无法回答。
这时,在边上为庄王驾车的大夫申叔时献计道:“可以在这里让士兵盖房舍、种田,装作要长期留下。这样,宋国就会因害怕而投降。”
庄王采纳了申叔时的计策并加以实施。宋国人见了果然害怕。华元鼓励守城军民宁愿战死、饿死,也决不投降。
一天深夜,华元悄悄地混进楚军营地,潜入到楚军主帅子反营帐里,并登上他的卧榻,把他叫起来说:“我们君王叫我把宋国现在的困苦状况告诉您:粮草早已吃光,大家已经交换死去的孩子当饭吃。柴草也早已烧光了,大家用拆散的尸骨当柴烧。虽然如此,但你们想以此来压我们订立丧权辱国的城下之盟,那么我们宁肯灭亡也不会接受。如果你们能退兵三十里,那么您怎么吩咐,我就怎么办!”
子反听了这番话很害怕,当场先和华元私下约定,然后再禀告庄王。庄王本来就想撤军,听了自然同意。第二天,庄王下令楚军退兵三十里。于是,宋国同楚国恢复了和平。华元到楚营中去订立了盟约,并作为人质到楚国去。盟约上写着:“我不欺骗你,你也不必防备我!”
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