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万象词典a>成语词典一尘不染一尘不染的故事
一尘不染的成语故事

拼音yī chén bù rǎn
基本解释原为佛教用语。佛家把色、声、香、味、触、法叫做“六尘”;说道者不为六尘所玷污;保持心地清静。形容不受坏思想、坏作风的沾染和腐蚀。也形容环境清静整洁。
出处宋 张耒《腊初小雪后圃梅开》:“一尘不染香到骨,姑射仙人风露身。”
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一尘不染的典故
唐高宗年间,弘忍大师开坛讲学,当时他的手下有五百余名弟子,最有慧根的当属大弟子神秀。神秀,俗姓李,陈留尉氏(今河南尉氏县)人。少年时为儒生,游学江南,博览经史。唐高祖武德八年(公元625年),神秀在洛阳天宫寺出家。五十岁那年,他翻山越岭,不远千里,投于弘忍门下,从事打柴、汲水等劳役以求法。六年来,他夜以继日在弘忍身边服侍,深为弘忍器重,遂擢升其为上首弟子。在当时,神秀被大家公认为禅宗的衣钵继承人。
弘忍感到自己渐渐老去,便想在弟子中寻找一个继承人。这天,他召集众僧,要求每人作一偈(梵语“颂”,即佛经中的唱词),以便了解各人的道行深浅。神秀悟道颇深,当即在寺院的廊壁上题了一首偈诗:“身是菩提树,心如明镜台。时时勤拂拭,勿使惹尘埃。”
偈诗中所说的“菩提树”,即古印度的毕婆罗树,它是一种普通得犹如杨、柳、桐、槐那样的树。当年,年轻的悉达多王子在结束了六年的苦行之后,就坐在一棵毕婆罗树下悟道成佛,被后世尊为释迦牟尼。人们为了感念佛祖证悟人生真理的不朽功德,把他悟道时给予他遮护的毕婆罗树称为菩提树,也就是觉悟之树。弘忍大师见到后大为赞赏,让众僧都来诵念此偈。
一天,慧能听到有人诵读神秀作的偈语,就感叹道:“听起来确实很妙啊!可惜,境界不是很高。”到了夜间,慧能央求一名会写字的僧人在神秀的偈语旁边另题了一首自己作的偈诗:“菩提本非树,明镜亦非台。本来无一物,何处惹尘埃。”
慧能的偈子表达的是一种出世的态度,它的主要意思是,世上本来就是空的,看世间万物无不是一个“空”字,心本来就是空的话,就无所谓抗拒外面的诱惑,任何事物从心而过,不留痕迹。这是禅宗的一种很高的境界,领略到这层境界的人,就是所谓的开悟了。
弘忍大师看到这个偈子后,问身边的人是谁写的,当他听说是慧能后,就命人将他叫来,并当众批评慧能:“你写的乱七八糟,简直是胡言乱语!”说完,又亲自擦掉了这首偈诗,然后在慧能的头上打了三下,转身就走了。众僧之中,唯有慧能真正理解了五祖的意思。
这天夜晚,三更时分,慧能来到弘忍的禅房。在那里,弘忍向他讲解了佛教最重要的经典之一《金刚经》,并将衣钵传给了他。
慧能得法后,悄悄回到南方,隐居了十五年,才前往曹溪宝林寺。随后,他又在韶州大梵寺说摩诃般若波罗蜜法,并传授无相戒。嗣法弟子有行思、怀让、神会、玄觉、慧忠、法海等四十余人。后来,法海汇集慧能的言行为《六祖坛经》,这就是南宗。神秀在弘忍圆寂后,前往荆州当阳山玉泉寺,二十余年中门人云集,这就是北宗。经过神会的弘扬,南宗遂成为禅宗正统,从此独尊天下。而神秀创立的北宗则门庭寂寞,几代之后就衰亡了。
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