春日行
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唐代]:李白
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深宫高楼入紫清,金作蛟龙盘绣楹。
佳人当窗弄白日,弦将手语弹鸣筝。
春风吹落君王耳,此曲乃是升天行。
因出天池泛蓬瀛,楼船蹙沓波浪惊。
三千双蛾献歌笑,挝钟考鼓宫殿倾,万姓聚舞歌太平。
我无为,人自宁。
三十六帝欲相迎,仙人飘翩下云輧。
帝不去,留镐京。
安能为轩辕,独往入窅冥。
小臣拜献南山寿,陛下万古垂鸿名。
春日行译文及注释
译文
皇宫深深楼阁高耸云霄,金色的蛟龙盘旋在堂前华丽的柱子上。
美女们在窗前化妆打扮,玉手抚动琴弦。
美妙的筝声随春风吹落,传入游乐的君王的耳里,这应该是那首《升天行》吧。
泛舟在白莲池上,如蓬莱仙境一般,楼船划破湖面急促前进,惊起阵阵波浪。
众多的宫女们奏起音乐唱起歌曲,敲打钟鼓的声音都要使宫殿轰倒。这是多么壮观的天下百姓歌舞太平的场面呀。
只要君王于民休养生息,百姓就会安居乐业,天下太平。
天庭上三十六个天帝要来迎接,仙人们驾着彩云翩然而下。
但皇帝不愿意随他们而去,宁愿留在人间。
皇帝岂能像轩辕氏那样,乘龙飞天而去,不顾他的子民,独自来往于青天之上?
小臣我祝愿皇帝寿比南山,陛下的英名万古流芳。
注释
紫清:紫微清都之所,天帝居住的地方。
弦将手语:意思是弦与手摩擦而成声。
《升天行》:古乐府名。
天池:指御园的池沼。
三十六帝:道教传说有三十六天帝。
镐京:西周武王建都镐京,在长安县西北十八里,自汉武帝后遗址沦陷。这里代指国都。
春日行创作背景
此诗当是唐玄宗天宝三载(744年)或四载(745年),李白应诏入京以后待诏翰林时所作。明胡震亨云:“鲍照《春日行》咏春游,太白则拟君王游乐之辞。”唐玄宗春日泛游白莲池,召李白作辞。时李白已酒醉翰林苑,乃命高力士扶以登舟,即兴而作此诗。
参考资料:
1、詹福瑞 等.李白诗全译.石家庄:河北人民出版社,1997:83-86
2、郭茂倩编 崇贤书院释译.乐府诗集.北京:新世界出版社,2014:159-160
春日行鉴赏
《春日行》是乐府时景二十五曲之一,本咏春游,李白拟作咏君王游乐之词。在这首乐府诗中,李白借用向唐玄宗祝寿之机,用黄帝升天的故事,规劝唐玄宗无为而治,为民休养生息,与民同乐,发挥了诗歌的隐讽作用。
此诗主要内容是讽刺封建帝王们好神仙,求长生而不成功,提倡道家无为而治的治国之术。“我无为,人自宁”,“安能为轩辕,独往入窅冥”为全诗主旨。
全诗可分为三段。开头六句为第一段,写帝王们身居豪华富丽的宫殿,身边美女娇娃成群,享尽人间荣华富贵,而对此仍不满足,妄想成仙升天。中间五句为第二段,写帝王游冶苑池,宫女歌笑,钟鼓齐鸣,百姓祝福。这一段浓墨重彩,写尽了帝王们极尽声色的奢靡生活,看似歌功颂德,暗含讽谏之意。最后十句为第三段,表达诗人的观点:求神成仙是不可能成功的,不可能像轩辕黄帝那样聆听到广成子的教诲,也不会像轩辕黄帝那样乘龙上天,最终还得留在自己的京城。只有清静无为,才能治国安民。末二句,企望唐玄宗成就伟业,垂名万古。
大多数献给皇帝的诗歌都比较拘谨,生怕有不当之处,李白的这首乐府诗,写如行云流水,婉转动听,应该说是成功的。既飘飘欲仙,又不卑不亢,规劝之意明显,具有很高的艺术水平。
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常建《
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春词二首》
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李白《
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飞龙引二首·其一》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白(701年-762年),字太白,号青莲居士,唐朝浪漫主义诗人,被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考),出生于西域碎叶城,4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇,有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝,享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂,四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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