战城南
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唐代]：卢照邻
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将军出紫塞，冒顿在乌贪。
笳喧雁门北，阵翼龙城南。
雕弓夜宛转，铁骑晓参驔。
应须驻白日，为待战方酣。
战城南译文及注释
译文
将军骑马出了紫塞长城，去与驻扎在乌贪的冒顿作战。
两军在雁门关的北面发起了战争，我军与敌军在城南布下了阵势。
战争一夜未停，战士们的雕弓发出的鸣声抑扬动听，铁骑的奔跑声到次日天亮还未断绝。
战士们晚上浴血奋战，白天本应驻地休息，但他们并未停下来，只等作战胜利再好好地睡上一觉。
注释
战城南：汉乐府《铙歌》名，内容描写战争的伤亡景象。后人以此题作诗，亦多写战争。
紫塞：泛言边塞。崔豹《古今注》卷上：“秦筑长城，土色皆紫，汉塞亦然，故称紫塞焉。”
冒顿（mò dú）：即冒顿单于，秦末汉初匈奴的首领，此泛指敌酋。乌贪：汉西域国名，乌贪訾离国之省称。其境在今新疆伊犁河流域。此借指敌人的根据地。
笳喧：胡笳的弹奏声。笳：匈奴乐器，即胡笳。雁门：山名，亦关名，故址在今山西阳高县北，自古即为戍守重地。
阵翼：战阵的两侧。龙城：此借指敌方的首府。
雕弓：雕刻有花纹之弓，此代指携带雕弓的士兵。宛转：犹蜿蜒，队列行进曲折延伸的样子。
铁骑：披挂铁甲的精锐骑兵。驿：马脚胫参有长毫之称。参驔：检查马匹铠甲等。参，检验。对于该词组读音有两种看法，一说“cāndiàn”，另说“cāntán”。
驻白日：用鲁阳挥戈退日典故。鲁阳，战国时楚之县公，传说他曾挥戈使太阳退回。
为待：为的是等待，战方酣：战斗正激烈。
参考资料：
1、郭茂倩编．乐府诗集 插图本：万卷出版公司，2009.03：第25页
2、范凤驰著．新选唐诗精华：中国文联出版社，2000.01：第13-14页
3、蓝光中编著．历代诗歌选读 上卷：中山大学出版社，2011.01：第139页
4、更生选注．历朝边塞军旅诗：定西番卷：华夏出版社，2000年01月第1版：第98页
战城南创作背景
唐高宗时代，李治当局对突厥、高丽、百济、吐蕃等外族边境发动了多次大大小小的战争，汉军将士英勇顽强反击匈奴，卢照邻有感于将士们的这种精神，从而写下此篇。
参考资料：
1、熊依洪著．中国历代文学大观 隋唐五代文学大观：北京燕山出版社，2008.1：第36页
战城南鉴赏
这是一首拟古诗，通过描写汉初与匈奴的边境战争，歌颂了当时边防将士浴血奋战，保卫疆土的功绩，反映了唐初对外战争的某些现实。
诗的首联是严整的对句。“将军出紫塞，冒顿在乌贪”指出交战的双方，又介绍交战的地理背景。能征善战的单于冒顿，杀父自立，灭东胡，逐月支，征服丁零，侵入秦之河南（今内蒙古河套一带）地，势力强盛。西汉初年，不时进一步南下侵扰，严重影响西汉王朝。这里以“冒顿”对“将军”，冒顿既已如此勇猛，那么“将军”自然也是身手不凡的。这里为下文的酣战作铺垫。“乌贪”与“紫塞”相对，说明是在异域的。“紫塞”是古代人们对长城的习惯称谓。紫色，象征着高贵、庄严，不可侵犯，正与乌相对。“乌”字后再加以“贪”字，更易使人产生鄙薄感。诗歌利用字词的形、义及色彩在人们心中的定势，巧妙地造成一种邪不压正的气势，既为下文作铺垫，又表现必胜的信心。
“笳喧雁门北，阵翼龙城南”，照应首句，指出“将军出紫塞”的原因。敌人如此猖狂，汉军自然要奋起抗敌。下句的“阵翼龙城南”也因此有了着落。不但正面迎击，还左右包围，两翼的战阵已达“龙城南”——直捣敌巢。足见汉军之强大，英勇抗击外敌的浩然正气充斥字里行间。
“雕弓夜宛转，铁骑晓参驔”，进一步描写抗敌将士的战斗生活。他们严阵以待夜不释弓，晨不离鞍，随时准备飞矢跃马，追奔逐北。比起“枕戈待旦”，“夜抱玉鞍”这样的描写新颖而有气魄。“宛转”“参驔”，既恰当地表现了前方将士紧张而又镇定自若的心情，又充满了必胜的信心。
“应须驻白日，为待战方酣”是流传千古的名句。诗里虽没具体说明这次交锋是什么时候开始的，但白日即将结束，战斗还在激烈地进行。将士们等待迎接决战的胜利，因此从心底发出了呼唤：“太阳呀！请您留下来，让我们与敌军决一雌雄！”日出日落是不可改变的自然规律，“应须驻白日”的呼唤，表面悖理而近痴，实则生动地表现了将士们高昂的斗志。这是由“安得长绳系白日”诗句变化来的。结尾以“战方酣”三字，并未直说战争的胜负，但孰胜孰负已然明了，因为第二联已表明直捣敌巢——阵翼龙城南了。总体来说，这是一首裁乐府以入律的佳作。
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繁钦《
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定情诗》
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李益《
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鹧鸪词》
卢照邻简介
唐代·卢照邻的简介
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卢照邻，初唐诗人。字升之，自号幽忧子，汉族，幽州范阳（治今河北省涿州市）人，其生卒年史无明载，卢照邻望族出身，曾为王府典签，又出任益州新都（今四川成都附近）尉，在文学上，他与王勃、杨炯、骆宾王以文词齐名，世称“王杨卢骆”，号为“初唐四杰”。有7卷本的《卢升之集》、明张燮辑注的《幽忧子集》存世。卢照邻尤工诗歌骈文，以歌行体为佳，不少佳句传颂不绝，如“得成比目何辞死，愿作鸳鸯不羡仙”等，更被后人誉为经典。
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过洛社望南湖暮景三首
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宋代：
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杨万里
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暮烟如雨雨如烟，一把珠帘隔远山。
帘影渐浓山渐淡，恍然移入画屏间。