饮酒·十一
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魏晋]：陶渊明
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颜生称为仁，荣公言有道。
屡空不获年，长饥至于老。
虽留身后名，一生亦枯槁。
死去何所知，称心固为好。
客养千金躯，临化消其宝。
裸葬何必恶，人当解意表。
饮酒·十一译文及注释
译文
人称颜回是仁者，又说荣公有道心。
颜回穷困且短命，荣公挨饿至终身。
虽然留下身后名，一生憔悴甚清贫。
人死之后无所知，称心生前当自任。
短暂人生虽保养，身死荣名皆不存。
裸葬又有何不好？返归自然才是真。
注释
颜生：即颜回，字子渊，春秋时鲁国人，是孔子最得意的弟子。称为仁：被称为仁者；以仁德而著称。《论语·雍也》：“子曰：回也，其心三月不违仁。”《孔子家语》：“回之德行著名，孔子称其仁焉。”荣公：即荣启期，春秋时隐士。有道：指荣启期能安贫自乐。
屡空：指颜回生活贫困，食用经常空乏。
枯槁：本指草木枯萎，这里指贫困憔悴。
称（chèn）心：恰合心愿。固：必。
客：用人生如寄、似过客之意，代指短暂的人生。
裸葬：裸体埋葬。恶：不好。意表：言意之外的真意，即杨王孙所说的“以反吾真”的“真”。
参考资料：
1、郭维森 包景诚．陶渊明集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1992：141-170
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陶渊明简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。
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