咸阳值雨
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唐代]：温庭筠
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咸阳桥上雨如悬，万点空濛隔钓船。
还似洞庭春水色，晓云将入岳阳天。
咸阳值雨译文及注释
译文
在咸阳桥上遇雨了，那牛毛细雨随风飘摇不定，宛如悬在空中的水晶帷帘；那泊着的钓鱼船被这连绵的水晶帷帘阻隔，如烟如画。眼前这烟水空濛的景色多么像初春时节洞庭湖上那烟波浩渺的景致；还有那沉沉的暮霭，好像正驮载着水气缓缓地向岳阳城的上空飘去，真是美极了。
注释
咸阳桥：又名西渭桥，故址在今陕西省咸阳市南，古代多于此送别。
还：一作“绝”。
将：携带。岳阳天：岳阳楼在洞庭湖边，可俯瞰洞庭春色。
咸阳值雨创作背景
此诗写于咸阳，但基于往日游洞庭湖的经历。温庭筠于唐宣宗大中元年（847年）春曾游洞庭湘中，有《次洞庭南》（今存佚句一联），《咸阳值雨》当在其后作。
参考资料：
1、刘学锴 注评．温庭筠诗词选．郑州：中州古籍出版社，2011：127
咸阳值雨鉴赏
这是一首对雨即景之作，明快、跳荡，意象绵渺，别具特色。咸阳桥，又名便桥，在长安北门外的渭水之上，是通往西北的交通孔道。古往今来，有多少悲欢离合、兴废存亡的历史在这里幕启幕落。然而诗人此番雨中徜徉，却意度闲适，并无愁眉锁眼之态，笔墨染出，是一派清旷迷离的山水图景。
首句入题。“咸阳桥”点地，“雨”点景，皆直陈景物，用语质朴。句末炼出一个“悬”字，便将一种雨脚绵延如帘箔之虚悬空际的质感，形象生动地传出，健捷而有气势，令人神往。接下一句，诗人把观察点从桥头推向远处的水面，从广阔的空间来描写这茫茫雨色。这是一种挺接密衔的手法。“万点”言雨阵之密注。“空蒙”二字最有分量，烘托出云行雨施、水气蒸薄的特殊氛围，点出这场春雨所引起的周围环境的色调变化来。用笔很像国画家的晕染技法，淡墨抹出，便有无限清蔚的佳致。这种烟雨霏霏的景象类似江南水乡的天气，是诗人着力刻画的意境，并因而逗出下文的联翩浮想，为一篇转换之关键。“钓船”是诗中实景，诗人用一个“隔”字，便把它推到迷蒙的烟雨之外，若隐若现，似有似无，像是要溶化在设色清淡的画面里一样，有超于象外的远致。
前两句一起一承，围绕眼前景物生发，第三句纵笔远扬，转身虚际，出人意外地从咸阳的雨景，一下转到了洞庭的春色。论地域，天远地隔；论景致，晴雨不侔。实现这两幅毫不相干的水天图画的联结转化的媒介，乃是存在于二者之间的某种共同点—即上面提到的烟水空蒙的景色。这在渭水关中也许是难得一见的雨中奇观，但在洞庭泽国，却是一种常见的色调。诗人敏感地抓住这一点，发挥艺术的想象，利用“还似”二字作有力的兜转，就把它们巧妙在联到一起，描绘出一幅壮阔飞动、无比清奇的图画来。洞庭湖为海内巨浸，气蒸波撼，吞天无际。在诗人看来，湿漉的晓云好像是驮载着接天的水气飘进了岳阳古城的上空。这是极其壮观的景象。“将入”二字，可说是笔挟云涛。
作者着意描写巴陵湖畔的云容水色，其目的在于用它来烘托咸阳的雨景，使它更为突出。这是一种借助联想，以虚间实，因宾见主的借形之法，将两种似乎无关的景物，从空间上加以联系，构成了此诗在艺术上的特色。
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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