踏莎行·闲游
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宋代]：刘将孙
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水际轻烟，沙边微雨。荷花芳草垂杨渡。多情移徙忽成愁，依稀恰是西湖路。
血染红笺，泪题锦句。西湖岂忆相思苦。只应幽梦解重来，梦中不识从何去。
踏莎行·闲游创作背景
这首小词作于宋亡之后，调下题作“闲游”，上阕写闲游中所见，下阕写闲游中所感，日日夜夜在怀念故都临安，却以反诘的语气遥问西湖是否还记得相思之苦。词人那种想见西湖又怕见西湖的矛盾心理以及在现实生活中莫知所从的迷惘心情正是通过这样的诘问表达了出来。
参考资料：
1、夏承焘 ．宋词鉴赏辞典 ：上海辞书出版社 ，2003年8月1日 ．
踏莎行·闲游鉴赏
词的起首三句，由远而近描绘了眼前景色。这样的写法基本上是排列名词，没有动词；让各种物象组成余味无穷的画面。并含蓄地表达了自己的幽闲情致。
“多情移徙忽成愁，依稀恰是西湖路”两句，如奇峰突起。境界骤变。词人方才的闲游似“云无心认出岫”，至此顿生枨触，优游之情马上化成一腔悲恨。
这一转变也是有条件的：其一是客观上“荷花芳草垂杨渡”这些景物具有与西湖相似的特征；其二是主观上词人有见过西湖的印象和怀念临安的思想。因此当他在闲游中睁开双眼时，面前仿佛呈现出西湖的迷蒙景色，胸中立即泛起一股难以抑制的愁情。
过片三句，是全篇感情的高潮。红笺以血染。锦句用泪题，全是伤心之语，可见愁恨之深。下面他不说自己日日夜夜在怀念故都临安，却以反诘的语气遥问西湖是否还记得相思之苦。词人正是通过这样的诘问表达了忆念故国之情。
结尾二句，前后呼应，感情又深入一层。前面说眼前景色恰是西湖，然又不是真正的西湖。可见西湖之遥远。并不纯粹由于地理上的间阻，同时也是由于政治上的限隔。那么怎样才能重到真正的西湖呢？词人唯有托诸梦境。
“只应幽梦解重来”是推想之辞，然亦反映了现实中重到西湖之不可能。接着“梦中不识从何去”一句，又推进一层，意谓西湖只有在梦中才能重到，可是即使到了梦中。他也不知从哪条路前去西湖。词人那种想见西湖，怕见西湖的矛盾心理，在现实生活中莫知所从的迷惘心情。十分含蓄地流露出来，给人以回味的余地。
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孟浩然《
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南归阻雪》
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马戴《
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楚江怀古三首》
刘将孙简介
唐代·刘将孙的简介
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刘将孙（1257—？）字尚友，庐陵（今江西吉安）人，刘辰翁之子。尝为延平教官、临江书院山长。事迹见《新元史。刘辰翁传》。有《养吾斋集》四十卷，久佚。《四库总目提要》云：“将孙以文名于宋末，濡染家学，颇习父风，故当时有小须之目。”《彊村丛书》辑有《养吾斋诗馀》一卷。
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宋代：
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清代：
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