菩萨蛮·风柔日薄春犹早
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宋代]：李清照
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风柔日薄春犹早，夹衫乍著心情好。睡起觉微寒，梅花鬓上残。
故乡何处是，忘了除非醉。沉水卧时烧，香消酒未消。
菩萨蛮·风柔日薄春犹早译文及注释
译文
春风柔和，阳光淡薄，已经是早春的季节了。刚脱掉棉袄，换上夹层的青衫，我的心情很好。一觉醒来微微有些寒意，鬓上的梅花妆现时已经乱了。
我日夜思念的故乡在哪里呢？只有在醉梦中才能忘却思乡的愁苦。香炉是我睡的时候点着的，现在沉水香的烟雾已经散了，而我的酒气却还未全消。
注释
菩萨蛮：词牌名。
日薄：谓早春阳光和煦宜人。
乍著：刚刚穿上。
梅花：此处当指插在鬓角上的春梅。一说指梅花妆。
沉水：即沉水香，也叫沉香，瑞香科植物，为一种熏香料。
参考资料：
1、刘瑜 ．李清照全词 ．济南 ：山东友谊出版社 ，1998 ：257 ．
2、陆林编注 ．宋词 ．北京 ：北京师范大学出版社 ，1992 ：146-147 ．
3、陈祖美 ．李清照作品赏析集 ．成都 ：巴蜀书社 ，1992 ：97-98 ．
菩萨蛮·风柔日薄春犹早创作背景
这首词是李清照晚年南渡后眷念沦陷的北方故乡而作的。根据陈祖美《李清照简明年表》，此词作于公元1129年（宋高宗建炎三年）。公元1127年，李清照南下江宁，她接踵遭际国破、家亡、夫丧、颠沛流离的种种不幸。在这种特定的社会历史条件下，写下了这篇词。
参考资料：
1、刘瑜 ．李清照全词 ．山东 ：山东友谊出版社 ，1998 ：258-261 ．
2、陈祖美 ．李清照作品赏析集 ．成都 ：巴蜀书社 ，1992 ：253 ．
菩萨蛮·风柔日薄春犹早鉴赏
“春犹早”是说春天刚到，虽然阳光还较微弱，但风已变得柔和，不象冬天那样刚猛，天气已渐渐暖和起来。南方早春人们换著夹衫，欣喜万分。三、四两句接写昼寝醒后。“觉微寒是因为刚刚”睡起“，仍扣早春。鬓发上插戴的梅花已经残落。冬去春风闲适恬静，情绪基调是欢欣的。
下片转写思乡，情调突变。“故乡何处是”不仅言故乡邈远难归，而且还含着“望乡”的动作，也就是说，白天黑夜，作者不知多少次引颈北向，遥望故乡。“忘了除非醉”，平白如话，却极深刻沉痛。借酒浇愁，说明只有醉乡中才能把故乡忘掉，清醒时则无时无刻不思念故乡。“忘”正好表明不能忘。这里正话反说加一层转折，把此意表现得更加强烈：正因为思乡之情把作者折磨得无法忍受，所以只有借醉酒把它暂时忘却，可见它已强烈到何种程度。而作者之所以会有“忘”的念头和举动，不仅是为了暂时摆脱思乡之苦，还同回乡几乎无望有关：如果回归有期，那就存有希望，不会想到把它忘掉；惟其回乡无望，念之徒增痛苦，才觉得不如忘却。真是不敢想却又不能不想，想忘偏又记起。这种思想矛盾和精神痛苦，循环往复，不会完结。结尾二句具体描写上句的“醉”字。“沉水”即沉香的别称，是一种名贵的熏香。睡卧时所烧的熏香已经燃尽，香气已经消散，说明已过了长长一段时间，但作者的酒还未醒，可见醉得深沉；醉深说明愁重，愁重表明思乡之强烈。末句重用“消”字，句调圆转轻灵，而词意却极沉痛。不直接说愁，说思乡，而说酒，说熏香，词意含蓄隽永。清照生当宋金对峙之际，她主张抗战，切望收复失地，对故乡的刻骨怀念，即包含着对占领故乡的金国统治者的愤恨，对因循苟且、不思收复失地的南宋统治者的谴责，渗透着强烈的爱国主义感情。
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李白《
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李清照简介
唐代·李清照的简介
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李清照（1084年3月13日～1155年5月12日）号易安居士，汉族，山东省济南章丘人。宋代（南北宋之交）女词人，婉约词派代表，有“千古第一才女”之称。所作词，前期多写其悠闲生活，后期多悲叹身世，情调感伤。形式上善用白描手法，自辟途径，语言清丽。论词强调协律，崇尚典雅，提出词“别是一家”之说，反对以作诗文之法作词。能诗，留存不多，部分篇章感时咏史，情辞慷慨，与其词风不同。有《易安居士文集》《易安词》，已散佚。后人有《漱玉词》辑本。今有《李清照集校注》。
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