张孝基仁爱
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宋代]：方勺
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许昌士人张孝基，娶同里富人女。富人惟一子，不肖，斥逐去。富人病且死，尽以家财付孝基。孝基与治后事如礼。久之，其子丐于途，孝基见之，恻然谓曰：“汝能灌园乎？”答曰：“如得灌园以就食，何幸！”孝基使灌园。其子稍自力，孝基怪之，复谓曰：“汝能管库乎？”答曰：“得灌园，已出望外，况管库乎？又何幸也。”孝基使管库。其子颇驯谨，无他过。孝基徐察之，知其能自新，遂以其父所委财产归之。
张孝基仁爱译文及注释
译文
许昌有个读书人叫张孝基，娶同乡某富人的女儿。富人只有一个儿子，没出息，富人便骂着把他赶走了。富人生病将要死了，就把全部的家产都托付给了张孝基。张孝基按规定礼节为富人办了后事。后来，孝基看见了富人的儿子在路边乞讨，同情地说道：“你会浇灌园圃吗？”富人的儿子答道：“如果能够（通过）浇灌园圃来得到食物，就太幸运了！”孝基便让他去浇灌园圃。富人的儿子渐渐能够自食其力，孝基对他的行为变化感到奇怪。又问道：“你能管理仓库吗？”答道：“让我浇灌园圃，已出乎我的意料，何况管理仓库呢？那真是太幸运了。”孝基就让他去管理仓库。富人的儿子顺从而谨慎，没犯什么过错。孝基慢慢观察他，知道他能改过自新，不会再像以前那样，于是便将他父亲所委托的财产还给他了。
注释
许昌士人张孝基，娶同里富人女。富人唯一子，不肖，斥逐去。富人病且死。
许昌：古地名，在今河南境内。
里：乡。
不肖：不成才，没有出息。肖，通“孝”，孝顺。
斥：指责，斥责。
逐：赶，驱赶。
且：将要，快要。
娶：嫁娶。
惟：只。
尽以家财付孝基。孝基与治后事如礼。久之。其子丐于途。孝基见之，恻然谓曰：
特殊句式：尽以家财付孝基，为“以家财尽付孝基”译为“把家产全都托付给了张孝基”
尽：全。
以：把。
付：交付，托付。
如礼：按照规定礼节、仪式。
之：音节助词无实义。
于：在。
恻然：同情（怜悯）的样子。
“汝能灌园乎?”答曰：“如得灌园以就食，何幸！” 孝基使灌园。其子稍自力，
灌：灌溉。
以：表目的连词。
就：本义为“接近”此指“得到”。
稍自力：稍微自食其力。 稍：渐渐地。
孝基怪之，复谓曰：“汝能管库乎？”答曰：“得灌园，已出望外，况管库乎？又甚幸也。”
怪：对…感到奇怪 （以之为怪）
出：超过。
望：希望，盼望。
况：何况。
何：多么。
幸：感到幸运。
孝基使管库。其子颇驯谨，无他过。孝基徐察之，知其能自新，不复有故态，
使：让。
颇：很，十分，非常。
驯谨：顺从而谨慎。
徐：慢慢地。
故态：旧的坏习惯。
故：旧的，从前的，原来的。
遂以其父所委财产归之。
遂：于是，就。
以：把。
所：用来......的。
委：委托。
归：归还。
尽：全，都。
使：让，令。
①许昌：古地名，在今河南境内。 ②如礼：按规定礼节。 ③就：得到。 ④怪：感到惊奇。 ⑤故：原来的。
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