沁园春·斗酒彘肩
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宋代]：刘过
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寄辛承旨。时承旨招，不赴。
斗酒彘肩，风雨渡江，岂不快哉！被香山居士，约林和靖，与坡仙老，驾勒吾回。坡谓西湖，正如西子，浓抹淡妆临镜台。二公者，皆掉头不顾，只管衔杯。
白云天竺去来，图画里、峥嵘楼观开。爱东西双涧，纵横水绕；两峰南北，高下云堆。逋曰不然，暗香浮动，争似孤山先探梅。须晴去，访稼轩未晚，且此徘徊。
沁园春·斗酒彘肩译文及注释
译文
想着你将用整斗酒和猪腿将我款待，在风雨中渡过钱塘江到绍兴与您相会岂能不愉快。可半道中被白居易邀约林逋、苏东坡强拉回来。苏东坡说，西湖如西施，或浓妆或淡妆自照于镜台。林逋、白居易两人都置之不理，只顾畅饮开怀。
白居易说，到天竺山去啊，那里如画卷展开，寺庙巍峨，流光溢彩。可爱的是东西二溪纵横交错，南北二峰高低错落自云霭霭。林逋说，并非如此，梅花的馨香幽幽飘来，怎比得上先到孤山探访香梅之海。待到雨过天晴再访稼轩不迟，我暂且在西湖边徘徊。
注释
辛承旨：即辛弃疾。因其曾于开禧三年（1207）被任为枢密院都承旨而得名，不过那时刘过已死，“承旨”二字可能是后人加的。
斗酒彘肩：《史记》载，樊哙见项王，项王赐与斗卮酒（一大斗酒）与彘肩（猪前肘）。
香山居士：白居易晚年自号香山居士。
林和靖：林逋，字和靖。
坡仙老：苏轼自号东坡居士，后人称为坡仙。
驾勒吾回：强拉我回来。
“西湖正如西子”二句：苏轼诗“欲把西湖比西子，淡妆浓抹总相宜。”
“天竺去来”六句：白居易在杭州时，很喜爱灵隐天竺（寺）一带的景色。他的《寄韬光禅师》诗：东涧水流西涧水，南山云起北山云”，便是写东西二涧和南北两高峰的。
暗香浮动：林逋《梅花》诗：“疏影横斜水清浅，暗香浮动月黄昏”。
孤山先探梅：孤山位于里、外两湖之间的界山，山上种了许多梅花。
参考资料：
1、谷向阳 ．中华古诗文规范读本（中学第八分册） ：时代文艺出版社 ，2004年10月 ：第38页 ．
2、朱德才、杨燕 ．唐宋诗词 下册 ：山东文艺出版社 ，1992年10月 ：第302页 ．
沁园春·斗酒彘肩创作背景
根据此词的小序和《柽史》记载可知，这首词作于宋宁宗嘉泰三年（1203年），当时辛弃疾担任浙东安抚使，邀请刘过到绍兴府相会，刘过因事无法赴约，便在杭州写了此词以作答复。
参考资料：
1、周建忠、张祝平，黄伟 ．中国古代文学作品选 下册 ：南京大学出版社 ，2012年12月 ：第518页 ．
沁园春·斗酒彘肩鉴赏
词的上片写他想赴辛弃疾之邀，又不能去。
“斗酒彘肩，风雨渡江，岂不快哉”起势豪放，奠定了全文的基调。这三句用典。使风俗之气变为豪迈阔气。这里的典故，出之于《史记·项羽本纪》。这几句是想像之词，刘过设想在风雨中渡过钱塘江，来到辛弃疾的住所，觉得是一件特别痛快的事情。前三句起笔突兀，似平地而起的高楼，极具气势。
“被香山居士，约林和靖，与东坡老，驾勒吾回”。就在他要出发之时，却被白居易、林逋、苏轼拉了回来。“驾勒吾回”四字写出了他的无可奈何。接着词人概括三位诗人诗意，说明他不能前去的理由。作者把本不相干的三人集于同一场景进行对话，构思巧妙新奇，“二公者，皆掉头不顾，只管传杯”，林逋、白居易两人只顾着喝酒，对苏东坡的提议丝毫不感不趣。
下片开端打破了两片的限制，紧接着上文写白居易的意见。
“白云天竺去来，图画里、峥嵘楼观开。爱东西双涧，纵横水绕；两峰南北，高下云堆。”自居易在杭州做郡守时，写过不少歌咏杭州的诗句，其中《寄韬光禅师》就有“东涧水流西涧水，南山云起北山云”之语。这六句也是化用白诗而成，用“爱”字将天竺美景尽情描绘而出，给人以如临其境之感。
“暗香浮动，争似孤山先探梅”，词人化用三位诗人描写杭州风景的名句，更为杭州的湖光山色增添了逸兴韵致和文化内涵，再现了孤山寒梅的雅致与芬芳．给人美好的想象。词人笔意纵横。杂糅了涛的特点于词作之中，正是其创新之处，虽然没有正面写杭州之美，但却使我们看到了杭州的旖旎风光。不同时代的诗人跨越了时空的界限．相聚一堂。他们的音容笑貌、言谈口吻鲜活地呈现在我们面前，体现出作者丰富的想象力。
“须晴去，访稼轩未晚，且此徘徊”三句顺势而出了，这里“须晴去”的“晴”字，当然与上片的“风雨渡江”遥相呼应，可当作“晴天”讲。但是，从词旨总体揣摩，它似含有“清醒”的意味，其潜台词中似乎是说自己目前正被杭州湖山胜景所迷恋，“徘徊”在“三公”争辩的诱惑之中。那么，赴约之事，且待“我”“清醒”过来，再作理会吧!这样理解，可能更具妙趣。这几句也回应开头，使全词更显得结构严谨，密不可分。
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辛弃疾《
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沁园春·和吴尉子似》
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顾贞观《
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金缕曲二首》
刘过简介
唐代·刘过的简介
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刘过（1154～1206）南宋文学家，字改之，号龙洲道人。吉州太和（今江西泰和县）人，长于庐陵（今江西吉安），去世于江苏昆山，今其墓尚在。四次应举不中，流落江湖间，布衣终身。曾为陆游、辛弃疾所赏，亦与陈亮、岳珂友善。词风与辛弃疾相近，抒发抗金抱负狂逸俊致，与刘克庄、刘辰翁享有“辛派三刘”之誉，又与刘仙伦合称为“庐陵二布衣”。有《龙洲集》、《龙洲词》。
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