别老母
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清代]：黄景仁
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别老母译文及注释
译文
因为要去河梁谋生，所以把帷帐撩起，依依不舍要向年迈的母亲辞别，看到白发苍苍的老母不由泪下不停，眼泪也流干了。
在这风雪之夜，不能在母亲身边尽孝却要掩柴门凄惨地远去，不禁令人兴叹：养子又有何用呢？倒不如没有啊。
注释
搴（qiān）帷（wéi）：掀起门帘，出门。
河梁：桥，替代送别地。
枯（kū）：干涸。
惨惨：幽暗无光。
柴门：树枝编的门，替代贫苦人家。
别老母创作背景
清高宗乾隆三十六年(1771)，黄景仁外出为官府办事，在一个风雪交加的夜晚，他告辞妻女和拜别老母，写下了这首诗来表达其悲伤的心情。
参考资料：
1、张承．《经典诗词品读》：中国社会出版社，2009.09：第78页
别老母鉴赏
诗的第一句“搴帷拜母河梁去”，即掀开门帘，告诉老母，儿就要起程动身了。但因为是游幕谋生，（游幕是指旧时知识分子离开本乡到外地寻求教学或投向官府求职）这种告别是无一定目的的，所以只能说河梁去。一方面是老母难离，另一方面因生活所迫又不得不离，这种既难舍又无奈情景，暗示了作者极为痛苦的心情。诗的第二句“白发愁看泪眼枯”在即将告别老母外出的时候，作者没有直抒胸臆，表达对老母难分难舍的情感，而是著笔于老母此时的情状：白发苍苍，愁容满面，凄切悲凉，欲哭无泪。还容得着说吗？一切伤心，都隐藏在老母的这张面孔之中，离不得舍不得，却不得不离，不得不舍。这种情感的磨难，真令人寸肠欲断，撕肝裂肺。至此，谁能不为之动容呢？诗的第三句“惨惨柴门风雪夜”，转入了告别老母的时空环境，作者用“柴门”“风雪夜”两个最简单的词儿，极其概括典型地告诉人们，在那种环境下，一个不能掌握自己命运的人的凄楚难熬。作者在另外的地方也有过贫穷潦倒的描述，如“全家都在秋风里，九月衣裳未剪裁”，如果说那还只是一种对贫愁的感叹，那末“柴门”“风雪夜”则是此时此地，此情此景了。风雪因柴门而更为肆虐，柴门因风雪而更为难忍，此时向老母告别，除了“惨惨”还有什么可说呢？最后，作者集愧疚，自责，痛恨于一身，发出了“此时有子不如无”的感慨。这种感慨是极为凝重的，它已经不是一般意义上的爱母之心，恋母之情，而变成了对那个时代的正义控诉，对所有无依，无靠，无助老者的深切同情，对天下不孝子女的严厉谴责，这是由个人情感到整体理念的升华，它从生育学角度告诫世人，养子无用，不如不养。因此，《别老母》诗，比起那些爱母，敬母的直描作品，更具感染力和普遍性。成为爱母作品中不朽的绝唱。
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佚名《
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江南》
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鲍照《
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梅花落》
黄景仁简介
唐代·黄景仁的简介
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黄景仁（1749～1783），清代诗人。字汉镛，一字仲则，号鹿菲子，阳湖（今江苏省常州市）人。四岁而孤，家境清贫，少年时即负诗名，为谋生计，曾四方奔波。一生怀才不遇，穷困潦倒，后授县丞，未及补官即在贫病交加中客死他乡，年仅35岁。诗负盛名，为“毗陵七子”之一。诗学李白，所作多抒发穷愁不遇、寂寞凄怆之情怀，也有愤世嫉俗的篇章。七言诗极有特色。亦能词。著有《两当轩全集》。
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