寒夜
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宋代]：杜耒
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寒夜译文及注释
译文
冬天的夜晚，来了客人，用茶当酒，吩咐小童煮茗，火炉中的火苗开始红了起来了，水在壶里沸腾着，屋子里暖烘烘的。
月光照射在窗前，与平时并没有什么两样，只是窗前有几枝梅花在月光下幽幽地开着，芳香袭人。这使得今日的月色显得与往日格外地不同了。
注释
竹炉：指用竹篾做成的套子套着的火炉。
汤沸：热水沸腾。
元朝揭傒斯《寒夜》：
疏星冻霜空，流月湿林薄。
虚馆人不眠，时闻一叶落。
当代阿袁（即陈忠远）《寒夜》：
"大国何人怜，纷纷为小我。寒夜风雨声，广厦万间破。"
参考资料：
1、赵山林，潘裕民．桃李春风一杯酒——宋诗经典解读 ：中西书局，2009-10-1：第248-249页
2、李梦生 ．宋诗三百首全解．上海 ：复旦大学出版社， 2007年5月1日 ：283
寒夜鉴赏
这首诗因为被《千家诗》选入，所以流传很广，几乎稍读过些古诗的人都能背诵，“寒夜客来茶当酒”，几被当作口头话来运用。常在口头的话，说的时候往往用不着思考，脱口而出，可是细细品味，总是有多层转折，“寒夜客来茶当酒”一句，就可以让人产生很多联想。首先，客人来了，主人不去备酒，这客人必是熟客，是常客，可以“倚杖无时夜敲门”，主人不必专门备酒，也不必因为没有酒而觉得怠慢客人。其次，在寒冷的夜晚，有兴趣出门访客的，一定不是俗人，他与主人定有共同的语言，共同的雅兴，情谊很深，所以能与主人寒夜煮茗，围炉清谈，不在乎有酒没酒。
前两句，诗人与客人夜间在火炉前，火炉炭火刚红，壶中热水滚滚，主客以茶代酒，一起喝着芳香的浓茶，向火深谈；而屋外是寒气逼人，屋内是温暖如春，诗人的心情也与屋外的境地迥别。三、四句便换个角度，以写景融入说理。夜深了，明月照在窗前，窗外透进了阵阵寒梅的清香。这两句写主客在窗前交谈得很投机，却有意无意地牵入梅花，于是心里觉得这见惯了的月色也较平常不一样了。诗人写梅，固然有赞叹梅花高洁的意思在内，更多的是在暗赞来客。寻常一样窗前月，来了志同道合的朋友，在月光下啜茗清谈，这气氛可就与平常大不一样了。
诗看似随笔挥洒，但很形象地反映了诗人喜悦的心情，耐人寻味。宋黄昇《玉林清话》对三、四句很赞赏，并指出苏泂《金陵》诗“人家一样垂杨柳，种在宫墙自不同”与杜耒诗意思相同，都意有旁指，可说真正读出了诗外之味。
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佚名《
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蒹葭》
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徐陵《
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关山月》
杜耒简介
唐代·杜耒的简介
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杜耒lěi（？——1225），南宋诗人。字子野，号小山，今江西抚州人。尝官主簿，后入山阳帅幕，理宗宝庆三年死于军乱。其事迹见于《续资治通鉴》卷一六四。
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