浣溪沙·红桥怀古和王阮亭韵
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清代]：纳兰性德
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无恙年年汴水流。一声水调短亭秋。旧时明月照扬州。
曾是长堤牵锦缆，绿杨清瘦至今愁。玉钩斜路近迷楼。
浣溪沙·红桥怀古和王阮亭韵译文及注释
译文
汴水依旧如隋时的样子，年年东流。秋日的短亭传来一首《水调》的歌声。明月仿佛也是旧时的，静静地照耀着扬州城。
想隋朝的时候这里曾是何等繁华侈靡，如今河岸杨柳像人一般清瘦多愁，隋代葬埋宫女的墓地还是靠近了歌舞之楼。
注释
红桥：桥名。在江苏扬州市。明崇祯时期建造，为扬州游览胜地之一。
无恙：安好。
汴水：古河名，原河在今河南荥阳附近受黄河之水，流经开封，东至江苏徐州转入泗水。隋炀帝巡幸江都即由此道。今水已湮废，仅泗县尚有汴水断渠。
水调：曲调名，传为隋场帝时，开汴渠成，遂作此。
短亭：旧时城外大道旁，五里设短亭，十里设长亭，为行人休憩或送行饯别之所。
长堤，指隋堤。
玉钩斜：隋代葬埋宫女的墓地。
近：靠近。
迷楼：楼名。故址在今扬州西北。
参考资料：
1、徐燕婷 朱慧国．纳兰词评注：上海三联书店 ，2014-1：56-57
2、施议对 ．纳兰性德集：凤凰出版社，2011：36-37
浣溪沙·红桥怀古和王阮亭韵创作背景
这首词作于康熙二十三年(1684)十月，是为纳兰扈驾巡幸江南抵达扬州之时所作。时，纳兰性德三十岁。时隔二十余年，容若和王阮亭韵，乃步其一（北郭清溪一带流）原玉。
参考资料：
1、施议对 ．纳兰性德集：凤凰出版社，2011：36-37
2、张秉戍．纳兰词笺注：北京出版社，2005-5-1：404
浣溪沙·红桥怀古和王阮亭韵鉴赏
纳兰此篇则明示之“怀古”，“怀古”之作是诗人咏怀的一种手法，无非是借用古人古事以抒情达意而已，可以说举凡诗词中的怀古之作都是诗人的咏怀之作。该篇亦是如此，作者借咏隋炀帝穷奢极欲，腐败昏聩之故实，抒写了自己的不胜今昔之慨。
其一为王世禛首倡，描摹红桥风物。谓其坐落于绿杨城郭，登桥四望，徘徊感叹，亦当自迷。容若和之，曰为怀古。除了“旧时明月”，其所怀者，应当还包括长堤锦缆。前者乃自然物象，指明月照耀下的扬州；后者社会事相，指隋炀帝至汴京，锦帆过处，香闻十里场景。“天下三分明月夜，二分无赖是扬州”（徐凝《忆扬州》）。汴水年年，水调声声。眼前物景似乎并无变化。上片布景，以“无恙”二字，说明一切。那么，当年经过汴水，巡幸江都的帝御龙舟及萧妃凤舸，至今又如何呢？
长堤上，清瘦绿杨，不是曾为牵系过锦帆的彩缆吗？眼下所能见到的，尽为愁思笼罩。隋帝建造迷楼，已与宫女的玉钩，一起埋葬。下片说情，以长堤锦缆与清瘦杨柳对举，说明江上景物依旧，眼下人事全非，并以玉钩、迷楼，对于当年的人和事，表示哀悼，为寄吊古之情。词章因红桥之名，哀乐交乘，与原作之徘徊感叹，同一怀抱，可谓合作。
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纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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