赠王桂阳
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南北朝]：吴均
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松生数寸时，遂为草所没。
未见笼云心，谁知负霜骨。
弱干可摧残，纤茎易陵忽。
何当数千尺，为君覆明月。
赠王桂阳译文及注释
译文
一棵幼松刚刚出土，就被丛生的杂草埋住。
没能看到它那笼聚云气的心志，谁能知道它有不畏霜雪的傲骨。
软弱的枝干随时可能遭受摧残，纤细的茎叶容易受到轻藐欺侮。
应当让它长成参天大树，为你御寒遮暑。
注译
这两句是说松树虽是大材，但当它初生数寸之时，也会被草埋没而不被看重。
笼云心：指高远的志向。
负霜骨：指坚贞的品质。
弱干：都指松树幼小时的枝干。
陵忽：欺陵、忽视，也即是摧残的意思。
何当：何日。
覆明月：与前面“笼云”意思相似。笼云、覆月，都是指建大功立大业、能“遮无盖地”的意思。
参考资料：
1、赵沛霖著．历代诗文名著新选 八代三朝诗新选：湖北教育出版社，2007年07月第1版：第435页
2、美文，逸才主编．古诗源 白话乐府卷：哈尔滨出版社，1995.11：第533页
赠王桂阳创作背景
王桂阳，疑即桂阳郡太守王嵘。吴均曾经一度依附于他，但未受器重，后来便离他而去。此诗可能是吴均自荐之作。
参考资料：
1、邬国平选注．汉魏六朝诗选：上海古籍出版社，2005年11月第1版：第516页
赠王桂阳鉴赏
诗人在这首诗里咏叹的是松树，但它不是纯粹的咏物诗，而是借咏物抒情咏怀，明写松树，暗喻人才，句句写松，却句句落实到人。诗的前四句指出，松树在幼小时，并没有很特别的地方，它和其他小树苗一样，常常淹没在杂草丛中，不为人们所注意。人们不知道它有远大的发展前景，也不了解它的笼罩云气的壮志和傲霜斗雪的风骨。这既是诗人的自喻和自况，表明自己像松树那样具有远大的理想和坚贞的节操，是一个“好苗子”，但“为草所没”，未被发现和看重；同时也是要求当权者“慧眼识人”，要善于识别和发现人才。“弱干可摧残，纤茎易陵忽”两句，指出松树的成长有一个由小到大、由弱到强的过程，特别在它幼小的时候，容易被摧残、被伤害，只有精心地培育它，爱护它、保护它，它才能茁壮成长，长成参天大树。这两句诗，有诗人寻求庇护的意图。诗人自荐多才，仕途不济，后因私撰《齐春秋》而遭受打击，长久失意，希望得到王桂阳的援助和保护。以上六句诗，深刻揭示了人才成长的规律，即不仅要善于识别和发现人才，还要注意培养和爱护人才，只有这样才能促进人才的健康成长，不然的话，人才是很容易被埋没、被损害的。诗的最后两句，诗人保证说：当幼松一旦长成数千尺的大树，一定不会辜负主人的知遇之恩，要建功立业，庇护众生，有所作为。
此诗通篇采用比体，情意委婉，笔意含蓄，与当时南朝华靡艳丽的诗风相比，此诗显得清新挺拔，别具一格。从结构上看，全篇首尾呼应，章法整饰，一气贯注，中两联为对仗，已有一些唐人律诗的体貌。
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吴文英《
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水龙吟·赋张斗墅家古松五粒》
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李群玉《
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书院二小松》
吴均简介
唐代·吴均的简介
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吴均（469年－520年），字叔庠。南朝梁史学家，文学家，时官吴兴主簿。明人辑有《吴朝清集》。
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