红牡丹
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唐代]：王维
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绿艳闲且静，红衣浅复深。
花心愁欲断，春色岂知心。
红牡丹译文及注释
译文
红牡丹的绿叶在悄悄地舒展，红牡丹的花色有鲜有暗。
面临凋零，牡丹愁肠欲断，请问春光，你可懂得牡丹所想？
注释
绿艳：指碧绿鲜艳的叶子、闲：通“娴”，文雅的样子。
红衣：指红色的牡丹花瓣。浅复深：由浅到深。据《牡丹史》载：牡丹有“娇容三变”之说：“初绽紫色，及开桃红，经日渐至梅红，至落乃更深红。”
愁欲断：形容伤心到极点。
心：牡丹花内心所想。
红牡丹创作背景
这首诗约作于唐玄宗天宝末年（约752—755），当时的作者已步入晚年，而此时正是安史之乱爆发之前，社会动荡。适逢春日，牡丹盛开，满肚子苦水的诗人便借之吐露愁绪。
参考资料：
1、张天定．花鸟诗词欣赏：中州古籍出版社，1992：42-43
红牡丹鉴赏
这两句先侧重写牡丹枝叶的状态和花的色彩。诗人以人写花，说碧绿鲜艳的牡丹叶，簇簇拥立，多像一个身着绿妆娴静文雅的少女；那色彩时浅时深错落有致的红色欲滴的花片，又像少女的衣裙。开首这两句，诗人把美人和牡丹融为一体，写的是牡丹的外部形象。
这两句是写“牡丹仙子”的内心世界，说花儿似乎也有情感，也有愁。因为牡丹花与春天同在，在美好的春天里，牡丹花娇嫩妩媚，姿容娟秀，清香万里，占尽了春情。然而，春天不能永驻，谁也无法挽留，这正是牡丹的愁心所在。它深知自己的芳香美色只能与春天同在。春天一去，它就会调零衰败，渐渐枯萎。因此，人们只知道欣赏春色，欣赏牡丹花的鲜艳，而不知道它的一片愁心。
这首诗以美人喻花，意境优美，耐人玩味。在用字造句上，更是煞费苦心.以“绿艳”衬托“红衣”，使牡丹显得娇媚动人。作者不明言自己愁春光易逝，愁红颜易衰，而让花儿自愁自哀自伤自叹，真是翻奇出新，别有一番情致。全诗把牡丹花写得有血有肉有情感，达到了意境上的神化和形象化，是一篇较好的咏物诗。
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李商隐《
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牡丹》
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李清照《
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添字丑奴儿·窗前谁种芭蕉树》
王维简介
唐代·王维的简介
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王维（701年－761年，一说699年—761年），字摩诘，汉族，河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝诗人，有“诗佛”之称。苏轼评价其：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”开元九年（721年）中进士，任太乐丞。王维是盛唐诗人的代表，今存诗400余首，重要诗作有《相思》《山居秋暝》等。王维精通佛学，受禅宗影响很大。佛教有一部《维摩诘经》，是王维名和字的由来。王维诗书画都很有名，非常多才多艺，音乐也很精通。与孟浩然合称“王孟”。
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