丑奴儿·书博山道中壁
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宋代]：辛弃疾
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而今识尽愁滋味，欲说还休。欲说还休。却道天凉好个秋。
丑奴儿·书博山道中壁译文及注释
译文
人年少时不知道忧愁的滋味，喜欢登高远望。喜欢登高远望，为写一首新词无愁而勉强说愁。
现在尝尽了忧愁的滋味，想说却说不出。想说却说不出，却说好一个凉爽的秋天啊！
注释
丑奴儿：词牌名。
博山：在今江西省广丰县西南。因状如庐山香炉峰，故名。淳熙八年（1181）辛弃疾罢职退居上饶，常过博山。
少年：指年轻的时候。不识：不懂，不知道什么是。
“为赋”句：为了写出新词，没有愁而硬要说有愁。强（qiǎng）：勉强地，硬要。
识尽：尝够，深深懂得。
欲说还（huán）休：表达的意思可以分为两种：1.男女之间难于启齿的感情。2.内心有所顾虑而不敢表达。
休：停止。
参考资料：
1、李静 等．唐诗宋词鉴赏大全集．北京：华文出版社，2009：356
2、陆林编注．宋词．北京：北京师范大学出版社，1992：207-208
丑奴儿·书博山道中壁创作背景
此词是辛弃疾被弹劾去职、闲居带湖时所作，创作时间在公元1181年至1192年间。辛弃疾在带湖居住期间，常到博山游览，博山风景优美，他却无心赏玩。眼看国事日非，自己无能为力，一腔愁绪无法排遣，遂在博山道中一壁上题了这首词。
参考资料：
1、陈允吉 胡中行．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（南宋·辽·金）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：1572-1573
2、陆林编注．宋词．北京：北京师范大学出版社，1992：207-208
丑奴儿·书博山道中壁鉴赏
这首词是作者带湖闲居时的作品。通篇言愁。通过“少年”时与“而今”的对比，表现了作者受压抑、遭排挤、报国无路的痛苦，也是对南宋朝廷的讽刺与不满。
上片写少年登高望远，气壮如山，不识愁为何物。无愁说愁，是诗词中常见的文人习气。下片写而今历尽艰辛，“识尽愁滋味”。“而今”二字，转折有力，不仅显示时间跨度，而且反映了不同的人生经历。在涉世既深又饱经忧患之余，进入“识尽愁滋味”的阶段。所谓“识尽”，一是愁多，二是愁深。这些多而且深的愁，有的不能说，有的不便说，而且“识尽”而说不尽，说之亦复何益？只能“却道天凉好个秋”了。比之少时的幼稚，这或许是老练成熟多了。其实“却道”也是一种“强说”。故意说得轻松洒脱，实际上也是难以摆脱心头的沉重抑塞。周济说辛词“变温婉，成悲凉”。读此词者，当能辨之。
全词构思新巧，平易浅近。浓愁淡写，重语轻说。寓激情于婉约之中。含蓄蕴藉，语浅意深。别具一种耐人寻味的情韵。
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辛弃疾简介
唐代·辛弃疾的简介
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辛弃疾（1140－1207），南宋词人。原字坦夫，改字幼安，别号稼轩，汉族，历城（今山东济南）人。出生时，中原已为金兵所占。21岁参加抗金义军，不久归南宋。历任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙东安抚使等职。一生力主抗金。曾上《美芹十论》与《九议》，条陈战守之策。其词抒写力图恢复国家统一的爱国热情，倾诉壮志难酬的悲愤，对当时执政者的屈辱求和颇多谴责；也有不少吟咏祖国河山的作品。题材广阔又善化用前人典故入词，风格沉雄豪迈又不乏细腻柔媚之处。由于辛弃疾的抗金主张与当政的主和派政见不合，后被弹劾落职，退隐江西带湖。
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