倦寻芳慢·露晞向晚
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宋代]：王雱
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露晞向晚，帘幕风轻，小院闲昼。翠迳莺来，惊下乱红铺绣。倚危墙，登高榭，海棠经雨胭脂透。算韶华，又因循过了，清明时候。
倦游燕、风光满目，好景良辰，谁共携手。恨被榆钱，买断两眉长斗。忆高阳，人散后。落花流水仍依旧。这情怀，对东风、尽成消瘦。
倦寻芳慢·露晞向晚鉴赏
王雱，字元泽，王安石之子。他的这首《倦寻芳慢》是一生中所作的唯一一首小词，传为戏作。不过，这首词咏春愁，写得妩媚动人，不亚于当行之作。
起拍三句为抒情主人公勾勒了一个具体环境，时间是春季的一个白昼，地点是闲静的小院。“向晚”，说明天还未到傍晚，由“露晞”可知，还下过一阵微雨。晞，干燥之意。《诗·秦风·蒹葭》“白露未晞”，是说苇丛中还有露珠的闪光。这里则说快到傍晚的时候，花木的水露已经干了，和风轻轻地吹拂着帘幕，庭院里显得非常幽静。“闲昼”说明环境沉寂，又因为下过雨，氛围就更加清幽。接着写小院景致：翠径落红与著雨海棠。通幽小径，青草匀铺，经雨冲洗，碧绿如翠，故曰“翠径”。雨停云霁，黄莺飞来，枝上经雨的花瓣缤纷下落，绿径点缀上落红，色彩斑斓，犹如织锦盖地，故曰“铺绣”。此处联想巧妙，用笔工致，着一“惊”字，把花与鸟关联起来，使景物变活，极具匠心。海棠经雨，花色变得绯红，犹如美女搽上胭脂，更为艳冶动人。这里写海棠盛开，红色浸透了每个花瓣。“胭脂透”三字，说明经雨的海棠已经开放到最鲜艳最鼎盛的时刻，也暗寓盛极而衰，即将转向凋落的消息。“乱红铺绣”，“海棠经雨胭脂透”，都寓有感春叹春的情愫，为下文收束到叹春伏了暗线。
“算韶华”三句，以“算”字领起，略略点明题意。韶华，美好的年华，此指春光。因循，等闲、随意、轻易之意，过了清明，春光将尽。这里，“算”、“又”急促相承，表现出一种无可奈何的叹惋。
换头几句，以“倦游燕”起。“燕”通“宴”，说春来懒事游宴。虽然时是“好景良辰”，景是“风光满目”，只因无人携手同乐，于游燕之事就意懒情倦了。“谁共”二字反诘，意即无人与共。以下再用“恨”字承接，进一步形容春愁之深。“恨被榆钱，买断两眉长斗”，本意只是说一春常愁中。“两眉长斗”，形容因愁苦而双眉紧锁的样子。词巧用“榆钱买断”为说。榆树早春未生叶时先开花，果实不久成熟，名榆荚，形状似钱而小，色白成串，俗呼榆钱。
因“钱”之称而得“买”字意，又榆钱早春即见，几与春光同起讫。“买断”即买尽，自有榆钱以来，所“买”得者是“两眉长斗”，则其一春之不欢，至此已曲折写出。以下“忆高阳，人散后”，似转仍承，申上“游燕谁共携手”意。《史记·郦生列传》：“郦生食其者，陈留高阳人也。……县中皆谓之狂生。”他见刘邦时，自称“高阳酒徒”。“高阳”之“人”，即指游燕时的狂朋怪侣。酒侣星散，又值“落花流水”的春暮，其愁闷之情可知。说的是前一年的事，故曰“忆”，而这年亦复如是，故曰“仍依旧”。春光如彼，情怀如此，总因春色虽好，无共游赏之人，以至因循过去。不特于春为孤负，于人亦增愁。故煞拍三句：“这情怀，对东风、尽成消瘦”，以说一春之愁，比“买断两眉长斗”又进一步，总收全文。
这首词由景及情，上片景中有情，下片以情带景，笔锋细腻，用语婉媚，韵致翩翩，堪称青年诗人王雱的孤篇力作。
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上一首：
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吴潜《
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满江红·豫章滕王阁》
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下一首：
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李元膺《
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茶瓶儿·去年相逢深院宇》
王雱简介
唐代·王雱的简介
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王雱（1044-1076年），字元泽，北宋临川人（今江西省东乡县上池村人），文学家，道学、佛学学者。北宋著名政治家、思想家、文学家王安石之子。世称王安礼、王安国、王雱为“临川三王”。
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