思远人·红叶黄花秋意晚
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宋代]:晏几道
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红叶黄花秋意晚,千里念行客。飞云过尽,归鸿无信,何处寄书得。
泪弹不尽临窗滴。就砚旋研墨。渐写到别来,此情深处,红笺为无色。
思远人·红叶黄花秋意晚译文及注释
译文
林叶转红,黄菊开遍,又是晚秋时节,我不禁想念起千里之外的游子来了。天边的云彩不断向远处飘去,归来的大雁也没有捎来他的消息,不知道游子的去处,能往何处寄书呢?我越失望越思念,伤心得临窗挥泪,泪流不止,滴到砚台上,就用它研墨写信吧。点点滴滴,一直写到离别后,情到深处,泪水更是一发不可收,滴到信笺上,竟然把红笺的颜色给染褪了。
注释
思远人:晏几道创调。词中有“千思念行客”句,取其意为调名,选自《小山词》。
红叶:枫叶。黄花:菊花。
千里念行客:思念千里之外的行客。
就砚旋研墨:眼泪滴到砚中,就用它来研墨。
别来:别后。
红笺:女子写情书的信纸,是红色的。
思远人·红叶黄花秋意晚鉴赏
《思远人·红叶黄花秋意晚》就“寄书”二字发挥,写以泪研墨,泪滴红笺,情愈悲而泪愈多,竟至笺上的红字褪尽。用夸张的手法表情达意,写出感情发展的历程,是此词艺术上的突出特点。
起首两句,写女主人公因悲秋而怀远,既点明时令、环境,又点染烘托主题。一“晚”字,暗示别离之久,“千里”,点明相隔之远。两句交代了时间和空间,给下文留了铺展的余地。“飞云过尽,归鸿无信”两句是客;“何处寄书得”一句是主。鸿雁,随着天际的浮云,自北向南飞去。闺中人遥望渺渺长空,盼望归鸿带来游子的音信。“过尽”,已极写其失望之意了,由于“无信”,便不知游子而今所在,自己纵欲寄书也无从寄与。
过片词意陡转:弹洒不尽的那两行珠泪,还当窗滴下来,并滴进了砚台中,就用它来研磨香墨。下片出人意表,另开思路。正因无处寄书,更增悲感而弹泪,泪弹不尽,而临窗滴下,有砚承泪,遂以研墨作书。故而虽为转折,却也顺理成章了。明知书不得寄,仍是要写,一片痴情,惘惘不甘,用意尤其深厚。语本孟郊《归信吟》“泪墨洒为书”一句,而情真意足,写出小儿女的情态,巧而不纤,较诸“和泪濡墨”的套语自有深浅真伪之别。“渐写到别来,此情深处,红笺为无色。”收语写闺人此时作书,纯是自我遣怀,她把自己全部的内心本质力量投进其中,感情也升华到物我两忘的境界。对此,陈匪石《宋词举》有一段极为透辟的分析:“‘渐’字极宛转,却激切。‘写到别来、此情深处’,墨中纸上,情与泪粘合为一,不辨何者为泪,何者为情。故不谓笺色之红因泪而淡,却谓红笺之色因情深而无。”无论是泪、墨、红笺,都融进闺人的深情之中,物与情已浑然一体。这首词与小晏惯常的“情溢词外,未能意蕴其中”这一风格不同。全词用笔甚曲,下字甚丽,宛转入微,味深意厚,堪称小晏词中别出机杼的异调。
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晏几道《
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晏几道简介
唐代·晏几道的简介
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晏几道(1030-1106,一说1038—1110 ,一说1038-1112),男,汉族,字叔原,号小山,著名词人,抚州临川文港沙河(今属江西省南昌市进贤县)人。晏殊第七子。历任颍昌府许田镇监、乾宁军通判、开封府判官等。性孤傲,晚年家境中落。词风哀感缠绵、清壮顿挫。一般讲到北宋词人时,称晏殊为大晏,称晏几道为小晏。《雪浪斋日记》云:“晏叔原工小词,不愧六朝宫掖体。”如《鹧鸪天》中的“舞低杨柳楼心月,歌尽桃花扇底风”等等词句,备受人们的赞赏。
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