采桑子·笙歌放散人归去
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五代]：冯延巳
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笙歌放散人归去，独宿红楼。月上云收，一半珠帘挂玉钩。
起来点检经由地，处处新愁，凭仗东流，将取离心过橘洲。
采桑子·笙歌放散人归去译文及注释
译文
刚刚还是笙歌曼舞，转瞬间，笙歌消歇，众人散去，只剩我独宿红楼舞榭。将珠帘半卷，挂在玉钩，此时云儿收起，升起一轮朗月。
索性起来，细细地看那些和他共同游玩过的地方，每一处都引起我的新愁。那东流的河水哟，请将我的一颗充满离恨的心，捎带到那心上人所在的桔子洲。
注释
点检：回顾、反思。钱起《初至京口示诸弟》诗：“点检平生事，焉能出荜门。”
离心：离愁。
橘洲：橘子洲。在今湖南长沙西湘江中，多美橘，故名。
采桑子·笙歌放散人归去创作背景
盛宴过后，席罢人散，诗人独宿红楼（“红楼”时为南唐宫中的舞榭歌台），时周师压境，国步日艰，其忧危之念，触发往事，感到无限伤心，因而创作此诗。
参考资料：
1、黄进德．冯延巳词新释辑评：中国书店，2006.7：第47页
采桑子·笙歌放散人归去鉴赏
这首词上半阕以“笙歌放散人归去”开篇，可见其着重点不在描写晚上宴会歌舞之盛况，而在抒发乐器放下，宴会解散，人归去之后，词人“独宿红楼”的反思。这里的“红楼”当为南唐宫中的舞榭歌台。鉴于冯延巳当时的官位，故在宴会散后，参加宴会的人各自归去，而他却能“独宿红楼”，享受“天子非常赐颜色”（高适《燕歌行》）的特殊恩遇。但是，这并没有使冯延巳产生“紫殿红楼赏春好”（李白《侍从宜春苑》）的愉悦之情，相反，在“周师南侵，国事岌岌”之际，“忧生念乱，意内而言外”（冯煦《阳春集序》）。“月上云收，一半珠帘挂玉钩”（将珠帘半卷，挂在玉钩，此时云儿收起，升起一轮朗月，此情此景，令人心寒，令人孤愁）正是“意内而言外”的最佳选择。
下半阕首两句“起来点检经由地，处处新愁”，紧承上半阕，写出时间的推移，由夜里“独宿红楼”，到次日早晨起来，泛舟离开红楼。其中“点检”二字尤足以表现作者“辞学”造诣之深。钱起《初至京口示诸弟》诗中有“点检平生事，焉能出筚门”之句，这些都说明“点检”为认真考核之意。冯延巳于此时此地着以“点检”二字，表明这离去不是毫不经意，而是一棹一回头，认真考查经由之地的特殊景物，然而感受的却是每经一处地方，就在心灵深处荡起一波新愁。最后二句，“凭仗东流，将取离心过橘洲。”写词人想从这愁苦中摆脱出来。然而，词旨微幽，必得细细体味，才能领悟。“凭仗东流”，照应首句，点明“起来点检经由地”是乘舟而行，引出新愁，但是，还要依仗它来抛下这不断增添的苦愁。“将取”句，则两处用典，意更深邃。一为“离心”，当取屈原《离骚》：“可离心之可同分，吾将远逝以自疏”之意。一为“橘洲”，当为东流之水中确有长满橘树的小洲树的小洲，因而触发联想，借用杜甫诗句：“桃源人家易制度，橘洲田土仍膏腴”（《岳麓山道林二寺行》）。抒发南唐将会在歌舞声中失去江山，自己不如及早离去的感慨，可谓“极凄婉之致也”。
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冯延巳简介
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冯延巳 （903--960）又名延嗣，字正中，五代广陵（今江苏省扬州市）人。在南唐做过宰相，生活过得很优裕、舒适。他的词多写闲情逸致辞，文人的气息很浓，对北宋初期的词人有比较大的影响。宋初《钓矶立谈》评其“学问渊博，文章颖发，辩说纵横”，其词集名《阳春集》。
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