浣溪沙·雨过残红湿未飞
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宋代]：周邦彦
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雨过残红湿未飞，疏篱一带透斜晖。游蜂酿蜜窃春归。
金屋无人风竹乱，衣篝尽日水沉微。一春须有忆人时。
浣溪沙·雨过残红湿未飞鉴赏
上片是这位少妇从闺中往外看所见到的景象。暮春时节，一阵微雨过后，几点凋残的花朵因被雨水沾湿在花枝上，所以还没有随风飘落，似乎是留恋这美好的春光，依依不忍离去。淡淡的斜晖，透过一带疏篱把她最后的光辉洒向大地，也洒向残红。光和色的交映，这暮春、残红、黄昏、落照，对于这位忍受着青春消逝与闺房寂寞的少妇，是一种敏感的刺激；不能不勾起她内心难以言状的感触。
但春天毕竟是美好的，充满活力的。勤劳的蜜蜂在百花丛中穿来穿去，带着采集的花粉的芳香满意地回到蜂窝。它有了收获，有了成果，它不再期待什么了，这与少妇的正在期待构成心理上的对比，更增添了少妇春闺怀人的空虚感和寂寞感。写景静中有动、动静结合。
过片，少妇的目光由室外转向室内。空间的转移，使她的情绪产生了微妙的变化。“金屋无人风竹乱，衣篝尽日水沉微。”“金屋”，借用汉武帝金屋藏娇故事，这里借指华丽的房屋。“衣篝”，指薰衣的薰笼。“水沉”，即沉水香，一种名贵的香料。黄昏时候，斜晖静静地照着这座华丽的房子，室内空荡荡地，除了这位少妇外，寂静无人，静得可怕。只有风吹竹影，参差摇曳。乱，摇曳不定的样子。薰笼里的沉水香已燃了一整天，只剩下残烟袅袅，缕缕余香。女主人公无精打采，懒得再去添香。竹影摇曳不定，也搅动着这位少妇的心旌，使她心神不定，意绪撩乱，真是“剪不断、理还乱。”这摇曳不定的竹影，这若有若无的香烟，更烘托出金屋的空荡、寂寞。
经过前面对室内室外环境的渲染、烘托，静态与动态的交互作用，这位终日寂寞地困守金屋的少妇，由眼前的春暮花残、黄昏落照所引起的青春消逝、惆怅空虚的情怀，已不难体会。结句似应仍从闺中少妇着笔，进一步深化主题，但作者却不然，而是到第五句一笔顿住。第六句转向用作者与读者的口气代闺中少妇剖白内心世界：“一春须有忆人时”。春天过去了，花也凋残了，游蜂也开始酿蜜了，沉香也快燃完了，寂寞地困守金屋的少妇也该是怀人的时候了。结句轻轻点明怀人，如画龙点睛，使全篇皆活了，这是作者用笔妙处。
唐代诗人刘方平一首《春怨》诗：“纱窗日落渐黄昏，金屋无人见泪痕，寂寞空庭春欲晚，梨花满地不开门。”主题、情景都与此词相类似，而比较起来，此词抒情笔触更为细腻，艺术手法多种多样，摇曳多姿，更富于艺术感染力。
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刘向《
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文侯与虞人期猎》
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吴文英《
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玉烛新·花穿帘隙透》
周邦彦简介
唐代·周邦彦的简介
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周邦彦（1056年－1121年），中国北宋末期著名的词人，字美成，号清真居士，汉族，钱塘（今浙江杭州）人。历官太学正、庐州教授、知溧水县等。徽宗时为徽猷阁待制，提举大晟府。精通音律，曾创作不少新词调。作品多写闺情、羁旅，也有咏物之作。格律谨严。语言典丽精雅。长调尤善铺叙。为后来格律派词人所宗。旧时词论称他为“词家之冠”。有《清真集》传世。
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夜谈往事六太息，老觉吾侪七不堪。
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镜中忽忽老侵寻，政坐文穷自陆沉。
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五马翩翩渡五溪，玉融更在桂林西。连山晴黛分岩洞，列戍昏烟叠鼓鼙。
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人多物外役，而我独无营。浩浩复落落，湖山注夙情。
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