柏林寺南望
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唐代]：郎士元
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溪上遥闻精舍钟，泊舟微径度深松。
青山霁后云犹在，画出东南四五峰。(东南一作：西南)
柏林寺南望译文及注释
译文
还在溪上航行，就已听到寺庙的悠悠钟声。停船拾阶而上，山路蜿蜒穿越着秘密松林。
雨后初晴，山色青翠，白云悠悠飘荡。眺望西南，四五青峰，更加郁郁葱葱，犹若刚刚画成。
注释
遥：远远地。闻：听见。精舍：佛寺，此处指柏林寺。
泊：停船靠岸。径：小路。度：度过，越过。
霁（jì）：雨止。
东南：一作“西南”。
柏林寺南望鉴赏
唐代诗中有画之作为数甚多，而这首小诗别具风味。恰如刘熙载所说：“画出者必有主峰，为诸峰所拱向；作字者必有主笔，为余笔所拱向。……善书者必争此一笔。”（《艺概·书概》）此诗题旨在一“望”字，而望中之景只于结处点出。诗中所争在此一笔，余笔无不服务于此。
诗中提到雨霁，可见作者登山前先于溪上值雨。首句虽从天已放晴时写起，却饶有雨后之意。那山顶佛寺（精舍）的钟声竟能清晰地达于溪上，俾人“遥闻”，与雨浥尘埃、空气澄清大有关系。未写登山，先就溪上闻钟，点出“柏林寺”，同时又逗起舟中人登山之想（“遥听钟声恋翠微”）。这不是诗的主笔，但它是有所“拱向”（引起登眺事）的。
精舍钟声的诱惑，使诗人泊舟登岸而行。曲曲的山间小路（微径）缓缓地导引他向密密的松柏（次句中只说“松”，而从寺名可知有“柏”）林里穿行，一步步靠近山顶。“空山新雨后”，四处弥漫着松叶柏子的清香，使人感到清爽。深林中，横柯交蔽，不免暗昧。有此暗昧，才有后来“度”尽“深松”，分外眼明的快意。所以次句也是“拱向”题旨的妙笔。
“度”字已暗示穷尽“深松”，而达于精舍──“柏林寺”。行人眼前豁然开朗。迎入眼帘的首先是霁后如洗的“青山”。前两句不曾有一个着色字，此时“青”字突现，便使人眼明。继而吸引住视线的是天宇中飘飖的云朵。“霁后云犹在”，但这已不是浓郁的乌云，而是轻柔明快的白云，登览者怡悦的心情可知。此句由山带出云，又是为下句进而由云衬托西南诸峰作了一笔铺垫。
三句写山，着意于山色（青），是就一带山脉而言；而末句集中刻划几个山头，着眼于山形，给人以异峰突起的感觉。峰数至于“四五”，则有错落参差之致。在蓝天白云的衬托下，峥嵘的山峰犹如“画出”。不用“衬”字而用“画”字，别有情趣。言“衬”，则表明峰之固有，平平无奇；说“画”，则似言峰之本无，却由造物以云为毫、蘸霖作墨、以天为纸即兴“画出”，其色泽鲜润，犹有刚脱笔砚之感。这就不但写出峰的美妙，而且传出“望”者的惊奇与愉悦。
这才是全诗点睛之笔。只有经过从溪口穿深林一番幽行之后，这里的画面才见得特别精彩；只有经过登攀途中的一番情绪酝酿，这里的发现才令人尤为愉快。因而这里的“点睛”，有赖前三句的“画龙”。用刘熙载的话说，那就是，诗人“争”得这一笔的成功，与“余笔”的配合是分不开的。
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柳宗元《
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与浩初上人同看山寄京华亲故》
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李白《
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焦山望寥山》
郎士元简介
唐代·郎士元的简介
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郎士元 唐代诗人。字君胄。中山（今河北定县）人。生卒年不详。天宝十五载(756)登进士第。安史之乱中，避难江南。宝应元年(762)补渭南尉，历任拾遗、补阙、校书等职，官至郢州刺史。 郎士元与钱起齐名，世称"钱郎"。他们诗名甚盛，当时有"前有沈宋，后有钱郎"(高仲武《中兴间气集》)之说。
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