北山
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宋代]：王安石
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北山输绿涨横陂，直堑回塘滟滟时。
细数落花因坐久，缓寻芳草得归迟。
北山译文及注释
译文
北山把浓郁的绿色映照在水塘，春水悄悄地上涨；直的堑沟，曲折的池塘，都泛起粼粼波光。
我在郊野坐得很久，心情悠闲，细细地数着飘落的花瓣；回去时，慢慢地寻芳草，到家已是很晚。
注释
北山：即今南京东郊的钟山。
输绿：输送绿色。陂（bēi）：池塘。
堑：沟渠。回塘：弯曲的池塘。滟滟（yàn）：形容春水在阳光下闪闪发光的样子。
北山创作背景
这首诗作于宋神宗元丰七年（1084）。王安石变法失败后，辞职退居江宁（今南京）。在春天到北山游玩，为这雨后落花飘飘点点的美景所陶醉而流连忘返，就写了这首诗。
参考资料：
1、缪钺 等 ．宋诗鉴赏辞典 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1987 ：254-255 ．
北山鉴赏
王安石的绝句，最喜欢将自然界景物拟人化，让万物都赋有生机活力，带有感情色彩，这首作于晚年写钟山的诗前两句也是如此。诗中的北山本是无情之物，但春天到来，万物萌生，山上一片浓绿，映现在满陂春水中也是一片绿色，似乎是山主动地把自己的绿色输送给水塘，又随着春水上涨，仿佛要把绿色满溢出来；水，也很多情，或直，或迂回弯曲，以种种秀姿，带着粼粼波光，迎接着山的绿色。这联诗，把绿色写活，特别引人注目。王安石擅长写绿，除“春风又绿江南岸”、“两山排闼送青来”这类脍炙人口的句子外，又如“坐看青苔色，欲上人衣来”，也状出颜色的流动，与此诗创意仿佛。
山有情，水有情，人亦有情。诗人面对着这诱人的山水，留连忘返。因为心情悠闲，坐了很久，以至于仔细地观察着花朵飘落，默数着一朵，二朵······坐够了，回途饶有兴趣地寻觅着芳草，滞留了多时，回家已经很晚。这两句，通过数花、寻草两个动作，很形象地反映了自己淡寂安闲的心理。
诗前两句纯是景语，写得细腻工巧；后两句纯是情语，写得纡徐平缓。写景时，注意了色彩的渲染，把静态写得仿佛飞动起来；写情时，通过客观叙述，刻画主观情绪，境界全出，把动态写得平静之至。诗全首用对，在整齐中同时富于变化。如三、四句，出句先写结果，后写原因，坐久了，心情很闲适，所以数起了落花；对句先写因后写果，因为寻芳草，所以回去晚了。内容与艺术在这里得到了完美的结合，诗便以其鲜明的特色为广大诗家所喜爱。“细数落花因坐久，缓寻芳草得归迟”这两句历来被评家关注，宋吴开在《优古堂诗话》中认为徐俯诗“细数李花那可数，偶行芳草步因迟”有窃取王安石诗的嫌疑。
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钱珝《
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江行无题一百首·其六十八》
王安石简介
唐代·王安石的简介
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王安石（1021年12月18日－1086年5月21日），字介甫，号半山，谥文，封荆国公。世人又称王荆公。汉族，北宋抚州临川人（今江西省抚州市临川区邓家巷人），中国北宋著名政治家、思想家、文学家、改革家，唐宋八大家之一。欧阳修称赞王安石：“翰林风月三千首，吏部文章二百年。老去自怜心尚在，后来谁与子争先。”传世文集有《王临川集》、《临川集拾遗》等。其诗文各体兼擅，词虽不多，但亦擅长，且有名作《桂枝香》等。而王荆公最得世人哄传之诗句莫过于《泊船瓜洲》中的“春风又绿江南岸，明月何时照我还。”
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