东还
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唐代]：李商隐
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自有仙才自不知，十年长梦采华芝。
秋风动地黄云暮，归去嵩阳寻旧师。
东还译文及注释
译文
自个儿有仙人的才分自己却竟然不知，十年来常在梦中采摘那名贵的灵芝。
暮色苍茫秋风席卷大地，满天是片片黄云。还是归去吧，回到高山去投我的旧师。
注释
仙才：仙人的才分。
华芝：灵芝，仙药。又指华盖，高官显贵者所用。扬雄《甘泉赋》：“于是乘舆乃登，夫凤凰兮而翳华芝。”李善注引服虔曰：“华芝，华盖也，言以华盖自翳也。”此处语意双关，以梦采仙药及望登进士第相关合。
黄云暮：黄昏时风沙蔽天，云呈黄色。
嵩阳：道观名，在嵩山太室山下，李商隐年轻时曾学道，故云寻旧师。
参考资料：
1、周蒙．全唐诗广选新注集评 8：辽宁人民出版社，1994：234
2、李淼．李商隐诗三百首译赏：长春出版社，1990：378-379
东还创作背景
宣宗大中十一年（857），已是李商隐的生命将走向尽头，那时候，他的妻子虽然在早几年前去世，但还有儿女待养，家庭重负，不可能容许他能够那么轻松地归去嵩阳去寻旧师。这首诗应该是写在未曾中第也未经结婚之时。
参考资料：
1、邓中龙．李商隐诗译注·第1卷：岳麓书社，2000：115-116
东还鉴赏
首句即自嘲之词，说自己对自己有得道成仙之才分却竟然不自知。实在糊涂不该。这即是自嘲没有应世人仕之才却居然去应举，笑自己不安分，作了盲目的必然不能成功之事。自己只有得道求仙的才分，那么，还是有自知之明才好。次句，说十年来常在梦中采灵芝则是说的实际思想，意谓自己也确是早就有隐遁高蹈之心，由自嘲自我排解到说出自己本有的思想，真切地表现了复杂心理。因为用世和隐遁这两方面本来是当时知识分子经常普遍存在的心理。在自嘲之后又自我超脱出来，意谓：考试落选也没有什么，没有什么可难受的，不是早就梦想采摘灵芝的生活吗？考不中就回去学道不也很好吗？所以后二句即承此意说：还是回去吧，去找当年的宗师。不过，尽管如此，这种自我排解还是充满着愁郁。看第三句所写的景色的萧瑟，动地秋风，入暮黄云是那么凄清，还是可以充分见出诗人心情的无比低沉和郁闷，看来，诗人思想中最理想的还是渴望早日用世，而并不真正愿意隐遁求仙。
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高适《
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苦雪四首·其四》
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刘基《
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水龙吟·鸡鸣风雨潇》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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