次元明韵寄子由
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宋代]：黄庭坚
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半世交亲随逝水，几人图画入凌烟？
欲解铜章行问道，定知石友许忘年。
次元明韵寄子由译文及注释
译文
半世交往，亲密的情谊像流水般地过去，有几人能建立功名，绘像在凌烟？
又是春风，又是春雨，又是番春花过眼；我怅望着江南，怅望着江北，只见到波浪拍天。
我想解下铜印辞去官职前去寻求人生的真谛，知道你这位金石之友一定不会嫌弃，彼此忘掉年龄辈分的界限。
我们都深深地思念着自己的兄长，但欲归不得，日月相催，都已是白发苍颜。
注释
元明：黄庭坚的哥哥黄大临的字。
子由：苏轼的弟弟苏辙的字。元明有诗寄与在筠州（今江西高安悬）监盐酒税的子由，庭坚依其用韵次第同作。
交亲：指相互亲近，友好交往。
逝水：暗用《论语》“子在川上曰：‘逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜。’”
凌烟：阁名，在唐代长安太极宫内。唐太宗曾令著名人物画家阎立本将功臣长孙无忌等二十四人的像画在阁内，以表彰他们的勋劳。这两句是说他们兄弟交好，已有多年，但都在政争中遭到失败，时光像流水般过去了，却没有为国家效力的机会。
经眼：过目。
铜章：指县令的印，史容注引《汉官仪》：“县令秩五百石，铜章墨绶。”
行：将。
问道：就是要向子由学道。出于《庄子·在宥》：“黄帝闻广成子在空同之上，故往见之，曰：‘敢问至道之精。’”
石友：指志同道合的金石之交。指子由。潘岳《金谷诗》：“投分寄石友，白首同所归。”（《晋书·潘岳传》）
忘年：指朋友投契，不计年岁的大小差别。梁何逊弱冠有才，范云对他很称赏，“因结忘年交好”（《梁书·文学·何逊传》）。苏辙比黄庭坚大七岁。许忘年，是说料想子由定会同意自己的要求。
脊令：借指兄弟。“脊令”是一种水鸟，朱熹《集传》：“脊令飞则鸣，行则摇，有急难之意，故以起兴。”后人常用“脊令”借指兄弟。《诗经·雅·常棣》：“脊令在原，兄弟急难。”
雪满颠：比喻白发满头。
参考资料：
1、陈衍 选编，沙灵娜，陈振寰 译注．宋诗精华录全译（上、下）．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，2009-3-14.
次元明韵寄子由创作背景
这首诗是元丰四年（1081年）黄庭坚知吉州太和县（今江西泰和）时所作，年三十七岁。这时苏辙（子由）贬官在筠州（治所在今江西高安）监盐酒税。黄庭坚兄黄元明（名大临）寄给子由的诗，起二句说：“钟鼎功名淹管库，朝廷翰墨写风烟。”黄庭坚次韵作此诗寄子由。
参考资料：
1、《宋诗鉴赏辞典》，上海辞书出版社，1987年版，第598-599页
次元明韵寄子由鉴赏
诗首联就对，突破律诗常格，是学杜甫《登高》一类诗的痕迹。首句平平而起，感慨年华犹如逝水，笔势很坦荡。次句提出问题，指出朋友中这么多人，有谁能够建功立业图形凌烟阁呢？问得很自然，稍见有一丝不平之气透出，但不是剑拔弩张式的直露刻薄语。诗虽然用对偶，因为用的是流水对，语气直贯，既均齐又不呆板，这样作对是黄庭坚的拿手好戏。
“春风春雨”二句是名联，在对偶上又改用当句对，语句跳荡轻快。在诗意上，由上联半世交亲，几人得遂功名的感慨而联想到朋友间聚散无端，相会无期。在表现上只是具体说春天到来，满眼春雨春花，怅望江北江南，春水生波，浪花拍天。诗全用景语，无一字涉情，但自然令人感到兴象高妙，情深无边。黄庭坚诗很喜欢故作奇语，像这样清通秀丽、融情入景的语句不很多，看似自然，实际上费尽炉锤而复归于自然，代表了江西诗派熔词铸句的最高成就。
五、六句转入议论，以虚词领句，以作转折。诗说自己要解下官印，寻求人生的真谛，想来对方这样的金石交，一定会忘掉年龄的差异，共同研道。这两句得赠答诗正体，一方面表示自己对苏辙的人品仰慕，并恰到好处地进行颂扬，一方面又表明自己的心意志向。因为诗中加入了自己，便不显得空洞，不单是应酬，这样写就使被赠者觉得自然，也容易引起读者的共鸣。
末二句又转笔，说自己与苏辙都在怀念自己的兄长，但欲归不得，空自惆怅，时光飞度，日月催人，二人都是满头白发了。黄庭坚与哥哥元明、苏辙与哥哥苏轼，兄弟间感情都很好，诗所以作双收，把共同的感情铸合在一起。诗又通过《诗经》典，写兄弟之情，与题目所说自己是和哥哥原韵相结合。这样收，含蓄不露，又具有独特性，所以方东树称赞说：“收别有情事，亲切。”
黄庭坚喜欢步韵以显露才气，同一韵，他往往赓和四五次之多。他曾经自夸说：“见子瞻粲字韵诗和答，三入四返，不困而愈崛奇，辄次韵。”在黄庭坚诗集中，次韵诗占了很大比例，如《戏呈孔毅夫》诗，用的是书、珠等窄韵，叠和了多首，都自然而富有变化，很见工力。但也有不少诗片面追求新巧，卖弄才气，成为后世口实。这首《次元明韵寄子由》是他叠韵诗中的佳篇，全诗四句，都用同一韵，虽是和作，但丝毫不见局促，为人称道。
其次，黄庭坚这首诗中间两联，一写景，一议论，写景时流丽绵密，议论时疏朗有致，轻重虚实，对比分明，一直被人当作律诗的样板。
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张可久《
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清江引·春思》
黄庭坚简介
唐代·黄庭坚的简介
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黄庭坚（1045.8.9-1105.5.24），字鲁直，号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，洪州分宁（今江西省九江市修水县）人，北宋著名文学家、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，与杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄庭坚为其中一宗）之称。与张耒、晁补之、秦观都游学于苏轼门下，合称为“苏门四学士”。生前与苏轼齐名，世称“苏黄”。著有《山谷词》，且黄庭坚书法亦能独树一格，为“宋四家”之一。
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宋代：
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朱熹
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微吟泽畔几扶筇，自笑摧颓一秃翁。羞见芙蓉好颜色，且凭诗律傲西风。
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寄题武陵柳氏所居二首其二康乐楼
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宋代：
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苏辙
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邑居欲尽溪山好，不作层楼无奈何。
岩谷满前收蜡屐，漪涟极目卷渔蓑。