浣溪沙·庚申除夜
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清代]：纳兰性德
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收取闲心冷处浓，舞裙犹忆柘枝红。谁家刻烛待春风。
竹叶樽空翻采燕，九枝灯灺颤金虫。风流端合倚天公。
浣溪沙·庚申除夜译文及注释
译文
在寒冷的除夕夜里把心里浓烈的思念收起，且看眼前那柘枝舞女的红裙，还像往年一样绚烂吗？想起自家当年在除夕夜里在蜡烛上刻出痕迹采等待新春的到来。
竹叶酒已经喝尽了，大家都在头上戴着彩绸做成的燕子来欢庆新年的到来。灯烛已经熄灭了，剩下的灯花仿佛一条条金虫在微微颤抖，如此风流快乐，全仗着天公的庇护啊。
注释
浣溪沙：词牌名，小令，又名《满院春》《小庭花》等，因西施浣纱的故事而得名。双调，四十二字，前段三句，三平韵，后三句，两平韵。
庚申（gēng shēn）除夜：即康熙十九年（1680年）除夜。
“收取”句：明王次回《寒词》：“个人真与梅花似，一片幽香冷处浓。”这句说收拾起一切闲心，冷静下来，而思念之情却更浓烈了。
柘（zhè）枝：即柘枝舞。此舞唐代由西域传入内地，初为独舞，后演化为双人舞，宋时发展为多人舞。
谁家：哪一家，此处指自家。刻烛：在蜡烛上刻度数，点燃时以计时间。
竹叶：指竹叶酒。采燕：旧俗于立春时剪彩绸为燕子形，饰于头上。
九枝灯：一干九枝的烛灯。灺（xiè），熄灭。金虫：比喻灯花。
端：真。合：应该，应当。
参考资料：
1、王友胜，黄向飞校注．纳兰诗：岳麓书社，2012.09：第42页
2、（清）纳兰性德著．孙红颖解译,纳兰词全鉴：中国纺织出版社，2016.02：第34页
浣溪沙·庚申除夜鉴赏
上片写年末岁尾，各家皆翘首以待新春第一个黎明的到来。“收取闲心冷处浓”，开篇第一句话就奠定了本词的感情基调：在寒冷的除夕夜里本应该抛开所有，放下一切，静心等待，但浓郁的闲情却是冷处偏浓。在一片本应该繁花着锦的情境中，纳兰却似有一种无言的忧伤。“舞裙犹忆柘枝红”，此情此景让纳兰回忆起了当年观看柘枝舞的情景，气氛热烈，婀娜婉转。“谁家刻烛待春风”，想起自家当年在除夕夜里在蜡烛上刻出痕迹采等待新春的到来，在文人墨客的眼中，这就是十分风雅的事情了。这两句看似是回忆，却也道出了纳兰在除夕夜的一种怀念往昔生活的心情。
下片写守岁时的场景。富贵人家的除夕夜别有一派富贵景象：“竹叶樽空翻采燕，九枝灯灺颤金虫”，竹叶酒喝尽了，头戴采燕装饰的人们欢歌笑语，兴高采烈。九枝灯即将燃尽，余光之中贵妇们头上的金虫头饰与摇曳的烛光交相辉映，熠熠生辉。这两句用酒杯、彩燕和灯几种意象来衬托除夕夜的热闹，反映出整个除夕夜的欢腾的情景。这两句还是对仗句。“竹叶樽”对“九枝灯”，“空”对“她”，“翻彩燕”对“颤金虫”，很是工整，这些丰满的意象烘托出了除夕的喜庆气氛。在这样风流快活的场景中，纳兰是沉默的，冷峻的，“风流端合倚天公”，要成为与前贤比肩的“风流人物”，去建功立业，却只能赖天公庇佑，非人力所能强求，这句也表明了纳兰对当年逍遥自在生活的无限回忆。
通篇来看，这首词写的是纳兰对往年除夕的回忆，词中着力描写了柘枝舞和舞女的美妙风流，也深隐地表达了自己对往昔生活的怀念之情。全词情寓于景，清空而灵动。
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除夜》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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