江城子·浣花溪上见卿卿
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唐代]:张泌
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浣花溪上见卿卿,脸波明,黛眉轻。绿云高绾,金簇小蜻蜒。好是问他来得么?和道:莫多情。
江城子·浣花溪上见卿卿译文及注释
译文
那天,在春日融融的浣花溪边,我初次遇见了爱人你。当时你多么美丽:明媚的眼波,轻淡的黛眉,高绾的秀发好似绿云,秀发上发髻援簇。情不自禁地问你:“能不能呆与我约会?”你却调皮地一笑,轻绽樱唇吐出一句:“莫自作多情”。
注释
江城子:词牌名,又名“村意远”“江神子”“水晶帘”。有单调四体,字数有三十五、三十六、三十七三种;双调一体,七十字,上下片各七句,五平韵。
浣花溪:一名濯锦江,又名百花潭,在今四川省成都市西郊,溪畔有杜甫故居浣花草堂。每年四月十九日,蜀人多游宴于此,谓之浣花日。唐名妓薛涛亦家于溪旁,以溪水造笺,号“浣花笺”。卿卿:男女之间的昵称。
脸波:指眼波。
黛眉轻:谓眉画得淡淡的。
“绿云”二句:绿云:浓密的乌发。高绾(wǎn):把头发高高盘绕起来打成结。簇:从聚。
好是:当时俗语,最是、真是。
和笑:含笑。
参考资料:
1、龚旭东编著.唐宋爱情诗词三百首精品:长江文艺出版社,1992年10月第1版:第179页
江城子·浣花溪上见卿卿创作背景
这首词具体创作时间不详。作者在浣花溪上见到一个可爱的姑娘,很想和她约会,却又怕她拒绝而没敢开口,只是远远看着姑娘的倩影离开。后来,诗人追忆自己与少女初遇到定情的情景,写下了这首词。
参考资料:
1、顾农,徐侠著.花间派词传 温庭筠 、皇甫松、韦庄等:吉林人民出版社,1999:第260页
江城子·浣花溪上见卿卿鉴赏
这是张泌词中一首描摹心理情态的佳作。用简练的手法,生动地记述了一个有趣的生活片断。作者见到个可爱的姑娘,很想和她约会,却又怕被拒绝,终于不敢启口。
词是以第一人称的口吻写的,开头一句,先交代了事情的起因。“卿卿”,含有爱慕之意。接着,作者用大量的篇幅,描绘姑娘美貌,从她的脸,一直写到她的装束。“眼波盼”一句,正好与“浣花溪”呼应。姑娘的眼睛是那样的明亮,那样的动人。古人常用流波、眼波等语汇来形容眼光流眄,如同水波一般清澈。汉代枚乘的《七发》中就有“揄流波、杂杜若”这样的名句。后世黄庭坚《渔父》词:“新妇矶头眉黛愁,女儿浦口眼波秋。”而这幅美人图一经点睛,人物可爱的形象立刻生动地展现在读者面前。然后,作者又以工笔细绘,以衬托她那动人的秀丽。“黛眉轻”一句,是说那姑娘的眉毛画得又细又长;“金簇”“小蜻蜒”是形容姑娘发髻上的装饰品。这一连串的描写层次分明,说明作者观察的细致,同时也揭示了他对姑娘的景慕之心。词的最后两句,在前面为姑娘写像的基础上引出,作者抑止不住自己的感情,很想约姑娘幽会一次。可是作者却仿佛从那姑娘庄重和蔼的神态中,看到了他对自己的轻率的善意批评。作者将自己内心的话动,借助想象中的两人对话来描写,颇有新意。对话中的姑娘形象也被烘托得愈加亲切,可爱、完美。至于作者自己的窘态,虽然没有出现只字片语,但读者似乎觉得,这个小伙子一定为自已多情的荒唐举动脸红了。
这首小令共有三十余字,语言平易流畅,无一奇字难字,却包含着丰富的情韵,男女主人公的心理、情态都刻划得十分细腻,主次繁简得体,格调轻快活泼。尤其是对女主人公形象的塑造是十分成功的。作者先写她的外表美,但纤丽而不轻佻,然后再想象她拒绝约客时的神情和语气,更显示出她那端庄大方的仪态。此时,女主人公的美,已不再停留在作者所看到的装束上,而是深入到她的性格中去了,揭示了一种内在的美,使她在词中的美好形象得到了完美的统一。张泌词中还有一些同样题材的作品,如《浣溪纱》中的“晚逐香车入风城”等,也体现出作者擅长描摹人物情态的特点,但写得过份风流调笑,思想性和艺术性都不及这首。
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纳兰性德《
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落花时·夕阳谁唤下楼梯》
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纳兰性德《
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寻芳草·萧寺记梦》
张泌简介
唐代·张泌的简介
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张泌,字子澄,唐末重要作家,生卒年约与韩偓(842-914)相当。
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