踏莎行·月华如水
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清代]：纳兰性德
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月华如水，波纹似练，几簇淡烟衰柳。塞鸿一夜尽南飞，谁与问倚楼人瘦。
韵拈风絮，录成金石，不是舞裙歌袖。从前负尽扫眉才，又担阁镜囊重绣。
踏莎行·月华如水译文及注释
译文
月光如水，波纹如练，烟霭淡淡，残柳几株。仿佛就在一夜之间，大雁已尽数南飞。那倚楼远眺的女子，你为何如此憔悴？
你并非寻常歌女舞姬，你怀有高绝的文才，与谢道韫和李清照可以比肩。从前你因才华横溢而享尽盛名，风光无限。如今的你，却风华不再，一天之内，多次打开梳妆镜，屡屡描眉。
注释
踏莎（suō）行：，词牌名。又名《柳长春》《喜朝天》等。双调五十八字，仄韵。
塞鸿：即塞雁。有唐王仙客苍头塞鸿传情的故事，因常以“塞鸿”指代信使。
倚楼人瘦：谓倚靠在楼窗（或楼栏干）的人，为相思而变得清瘦。
扫眉才：指有才能的女子。语见唐胡曾《赠薛涛》：“扫眉才子知多少，管领春风总不如。”
担阁：耽搁．耽误。镜囊：盛镜子和其他梳妆用品的袋子。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰性德著．家庭书架 纳兰词：南海出版公司，2013.10：第347页
2、（清）纳兰性德著．墨香斋译评,纳兰词 双色插图版：中国纺织出版社，2015.10：第269页
踏莎行·月华如水创作背景
赵秀亭、冯统一《饮水词笺校》载：“词言及‘风絮’、‘金石’、‘扫眉’诸语，疑为沈宛作，性德妻妾中，唯沈氏堪称才女。宛于康熙二十三年秋九月随顾贞观北上入都，性德方迫于随扈南巡，至十一月底方归。词末句‘担阁镜囊’语，拟想沈氏在京等候情形。词应作于此时。”
参考资料：
1、闵泽平编著．纳兰词全集 汇编汇评汇校：崇文书局，2012.03：第180页
踏莎行·月华如水鉴赏
这是一首怀人之作。
上片写的是月下美景。“月华如水，波纹似练，几簇淡烟衰柳”，先写月光照耀下的清澄水面，以及水面上粼粼似练的水波，再写水边的淡烟衰柳，“淡”和“衰”字，渲染出一种凄清忧愁的氛围。月影衰柳，淡烟波纹，景致如水，又是勾起纳兰心绪的氛围。纳兰写景，总是恰到好处。遥望天际，塞鸿“尽”南飞，便是情断景荒芜。“谁与问倚楼人瘦”，点出词人形象，由写景过渡到抒情，表达了词人孤寂、落寞的心情。
下片转写词人所思之人。首三句盛赞对方才学出众，非庸俗之辈，表现出词人对此女子的欣赏。“韵拈风絮，录成金石，不是舞裙歌袖”，连续用典，风絮代谢道韫，金石代李易安。有道韫之“未若柳絮因风起”，又有易安同明诚共撰之《金石录》。两人同是一代才女，不似爱慕虚华之人。纳兰写史上才女，意为追忆其妻。说她生平，自是如此的女子，能让他痴心、让他留恋，正有意趣相投之因。最后一句“从前负尽扫眉才，又担阁镜囊重绣”，一词“负尽”道尽感伤懊悔之情。过去时光美好，爱妻温婉有才，饱读诗书，尚能相伴之时。却没能长此相伴；已然人去楼空之时，却叹岁月无情。直怪责自己，辜负了那美好旧时光。生活安逸美满的时候，总觉月是圆的，殊不知它无时无刻不在变幻着样子，终有一天，会被黑夜吞噬。那时才知，见得到圆月之时，认为那是理所应当，都没能记住它的美满。回忆起来，总觉得遗憾。
全词哀婉曲折，百转千回，令人动容。
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杜审言《
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登襄阳城》
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孟浩然《
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登鹿门山怀古》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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