南山田中行
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唐代]：李贺
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秋野明，秋风白，塘水漻漻虫啧啧。
云根苔藓山上石，冷红泣露娇啼色。
荒畦九月稻叉牙，蛰萤低飞陇径斜。
石脉水流泉滴沙，鬼灯如漆点松花。
南山田中行译文及注释
译文
秋风掠过，秋野明净，池塘积水深又清，草中虫儿唧唧鸣。
长满苔藓的山石，浮起浓密的云气。挂着露珠的秋花，在娇滴滴地哭泣。
九月，荒地里的稻子参差不齐，发着冷光的萤火虫在斜径上低飞。
石缝里渗出的泉水滴入沙地，鬼火如墓中漆灯，花朵似的点缀着松林。
注释
⑴秋风白：古人以白色象征秋天。秋风又称素风，素的意思是白。
⑵漻（liáo）漻：水清而深。啧啧：虫鸣声。
⑶云根：云雾升起之处。苔藓：青苔。
⑷冷红：秋寒时节开的花。泣露：露珠凝聚，有如泪珠。
⑸荒畦：荒芜的田地。叉牙：参差不齐。
⑹蛰（zhé）萤：藏起来的萤火虫。
⑺石脉：石缝。
⑻鬼灯：磷火。如漆：明亮如漆。点：一作“照”。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（上）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：976
2、冯浩非 徐传武．李贺诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：91-92
南山田中行鉴赏
诗歌开头三句吸收古代民间歌谣起句形式，运用了“三、三、七”的句法。连出两个“秋”字，语调明快轻捷；长句连用两个迭音词，一清一浊，有抑有扬，富于节奏感。令读者读后仿佛置身空旷的田野，皓月当空，秋风万里，眼前塘水深碧，耳畔虫声轻细，有声有色，充满诗情画意。
四、五句写山。山间云绕雾漫，岩石上布满了苔藓，娇弱的红花在冷风中瑟缩着，花瓣上的露水一点一点地滴落下来，宛如少女悲啼时的泪珠。写到这里，那幽美清朗的境界蓦然升起一缕淡淡的愁云，然后慢慢向四周铺展，轻纱般笼罩着整个画面，为它增添了一种迷幻的色调。
六、七句深入一层，写田野景色：“荒畦九月稻叉牙，蛰萤低飞陇径斜。”深秋九月，田里的稻子早就成熟了，枯黄的茎叶横七竖八地丫叉着，几只残萤缓缓地在斜伸的田埂上低飞，拖带着暗淡的青白色的光点。
八、九句再深入一层，展示了幽冷凄清甚至有点阴森可怖的境界：从石缝里流出来的泉水滴落在沙地上，发出幽咽沉闷的声响，远处的燐火闪烁着绿荧荧的光，像漆那样黝黑发亮，在松树的枝丫间游动，仿佛松花一般。泉水是人们喜爱的东西，看着泉水流淌，听着它发出的声响，会产生轻松欢快的感觉。人们总是爱用“清澈”、“明净”、“淙淙”、“潺潺”、“叮咚”之类的字眼来形容泉水。李贺却选用“滴沙”这样的词语，描摹出此处泉水清幽而又滞涩的形态和声响，富有艺术个性，色调也与整个画面和谐一致。末句描写的景是最幽冷不过的了。“鬼灯如漆”，阴森森地令人毛骨悚然；“点松花”三字，又多少带有生命的光彩，使读者在承受“鬼气”重压的同时，又获得某种特殊的美感，有一种幽冷清绝的意趣。
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廖腾煃《
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报恩塔》
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刘翰《
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立秋》
李贺简介
唐代·李贺的简介
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李贺（约公元791年-约817年），字长吉，汉族，唐代河南福昌（今河南洛阳宜阳县）人，家居福昌昌谷，后世称李昌谷，是唐宗室郑王李亮后裔。有“诗鬼”之称，是与“诗圣”杜甫、“诗仙”李白、“诗佛”王维相齐名的唐代著名诗人。著有《昌谷集》。李贺是中唐的浪漫主义诗人，与李白、李商隐称为唐代三李。有“‘太白仙才，长吉鬼才’之说。李贺是继屈原、李白之后，中国文学史上又一位颇享盛誉的浪漫主义诗人。李贺长期的抑郁感伤，焦思苦吟的生活方式，元和八年（813年）因病辞去奉礼郎回昌谷，27岁英年早逝。
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