裴迪南门秋夜对月
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唐代]:钱起
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夜来诗酒兴,月满谢公楼。
影闭重门静,寒生独树秋。
鹊惊随叶散,萤远入烟流。
今夕遥天末,清光几处愁。
裴迪南门秋夜对月译文及注释
译文
夜色渐浓,月亮升起,月光洒满了庭宇和楼台。几个朋友聚在一起,饮酒吟诗。
所在的深深的庭院,层内门户早已关闭,户外万籁俱寂。一阵清风吹来,枝叶沙沙,引发无限寒意。
月色太亮,喜鹊误以为天色已明,扑刺刺猛然飞起,震落了片片秋叶。鹊起叶飏,飘然四散。
面对这样的月色,将会惹动多少人的愁思。
注释
⑴裴迪:钱起、王维的友人,几人多有诗作唱和。
⑵谢公:宋谢灵运,一说齐谢朓,诗中以“谢公楼”比喻裴迪住处。
裴迪南门秋夜对月创作背景
此词创作于中唐时期,词人与几个朋友在初秋的晚上聚在一起,饮酒吟诗。诗人抬望天空一轮皓月,思乡之情油然而生,写下了这首诗。
参考资料:
1、周啸天.唐诗鉴赏辞典:商务印书馆出版社,2012.01:第906页
裴迪南门秋夜对月鉴赏
“夜来诗酒兴,月满谢公楼”,几个朋友聚在一起,饮酒吟诗。不知不觉中,夜色渐浓,月亮升起来了,月光洒满了庭宇和楼台。谢公楼,晋时谢庄写过著名的《月赋》,这里借指裴迪的书斋。饮酒吟诗的热烈场面随着月光的流泻,完全被一种宁静而幽远的意味所代替。
“影闭重门静,寒生独树秋”,此刻诗人才注意到,主人所在的深深的庭院,层层门户早已关闭,户外万籁俱寂。一阵清风吹来,枝叶沙沙,引发无限寒意。人们顿时感到秋夜的清凉。
“鹊惊随叶散,萤远入烟流”,这两句由写四周的寂静和初秋的凉意转入写月光,但也还不是正面描写。月色无形无影,正面描写确实困难。钱起借鉴了前人的经验的同时,还化用了前人的诗句。曹操《短歌行》说:“月明星稀,鸟鹊南飞。绕树三匝,何枝可依?”“鹊惊”句就是从这里来的。月色太亮了,以致喜鹊误以为天色已明,扑刺刺猛然飞起,震落了片片秋叶。鹊起叶飏,飘然四散,显得别有情趣。比起曹诗,钱起的这句诗写得更为凝练,更富诗意了。
“萤远入烟流”,用的也是侧面描写的方法。沈德潜说:“月夜萤光自失,然远入烟丛,则仍见流矣。此最工于体物。”用烟霭的暗淡衬托萤光,又用萤光之流失衬托月明,可谓运思入妙。有了这两句,一个月明千里的银色世界,异常鲜明地呈现在读者面前。
“今夕遥天末,清光几处愁?”诗人由领略、欣赏美好的月光,渐渐陷入了沉思。“海上生明月,天涯共此时”,面对这样的月色,将会惹动多少人的愁思呢?最后两句以问句作结,留待读者去揣摩、思考,显得意味深长。
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杜甫《
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促织》
钱起简介
唐代·钱起的简介
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钱起(722?—780年),字仲文,汉族,吴兴(今浙江湖州市)人,唐代诗人。早年数次赴试落第,唐天宝十年(751年)进士,大书法家怀素和尚之叔。初为秘书省校书郎、蓝田县尉,后任司勋员外郎、考功郎中、翰林学士等。曾任考功郎中,故世称“钱考功”。代宗大历中为翰林学士。他是大历十才子之一,也是其中杰出者,被誉为“大历十才子之冠”。又与郎士元齐名,称“钱郎”,当时称为“前有沈宋,后有钱郎。”
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