临江仙引·渡口
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宋代]：柳永
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渡口、向晚，乘瘦马、陟平冈。西郊又送秋光。对暮山横翠，衫残叶飘黄。凭高念远，素景楚天，无处不凄凉。
香闺别来无信息，云愁雨恨难忘。指帝城归路，但烟水茫茫。凝情望断泪眼，尽日独立斜阳。
临江仙引·渡口译文及注释
译文
傍晚离开渡口，乘瘦马登上山岗平坦路。西郊又送来了秋日的凤光景色。暮色中，山上呈现的翠绿色，衬托着纷纷飘落的黄叶。登高思远，南国的秋景，无处不凄凉。
自从和她离别以来彼此便杳无音信，难忘那云愁雨恨的离别之情。指着回归京城的道路，但见雾霭笼罩着广阔无际的茫茫水面。泪眼情意专注，向远处望去，直到看不见，终日就这样独自伫立，直到夕阳西沉。
注释
临江仙引：词牌名，正体双调七十四字，前段十句，四平韵；后段六句，三平韵。
向晚：近晚，傍晚。
陟（zhì）：登上。平冈：平缓的山脊。
暮山：暮色中的山。横翠：翠色横亘。
衬：以暮山为背景衬托。飘黄：黄叶飘零。
素景：秋景。楚天：长江中南部天空，此指南方天色。
云愁雨恨：因男女恋情而引起的烦恼。
帝城：京城。
凝情：全神贯注。望断泪眼：即泪眼望断。望断，望尽。
参考资料：
1、王克俭主编．柳永诗词选：海南国际新闻出版中心，1996：98
临江仙引·渡口创作背景
柳永屡次下第，经过艰难曲折，终于在宋仁宗景祐元年（1034年）考中进士，随即踏入仕途。这时词人约近五十岁了。他入仕之后长期担任地方州郡的掾吏、判官等职，久困选调，辗转宦游各地，很不得志。这首《临江仙引》就是他入仕之后所写的羁旅行役之词。
参考资料：
1、程自信，许宗元主编．宋词精华分类品汇：中国青年出版社，1994年03月：886
2、唐圭璋 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：366-368
临江仙引·渡口鉴赏
上片在人物活动中写景：渡口斜陌，瘦马行人，登平冈而望秋景，从暮山横翠、残叶飘黄中生发出凭高念远的凄凉之感。下片怀念香闺佳人，因久无信息而烦恼愈深，旧情难忘。意欲返回帝城，却又烟水茫茫，归期无望，只好独立斜阳，望断泪眼。
此词表面上虽写的是旅途相思之情，但寄寓其中的人生感慨实在多于相思之情。词中为我们描绘了一个凄苦的漂泊者的形象：乘瘦马，陟平冈，在深秋暮色中，面对的只是暮山横翠、残叶飘黄，非常的凄凉。此刻，或许只有脉脉温情可以抚慰他孤独的怀抱，但“香闺别来无信息”，他所能把握的，只有一些温馨的回忆，也只是回忆而已。而另一方面，“帝城归路”又“烟水茫茫”，纵使他“凝情望断”了“泪眼”，最终也只留下一个“尽日独立斜阳”的孤独的身影。漂泊，阻断了过去和未来，使漂泊者成为一个纯粹孤独的存在，一个被时间和空间同时剥离了的存在，这是非常悲哀的。
这首词语言凝练，节奏舒缓，首尾呼应；通篇不用典实，不施涂泽，清畅如话，弥见其天真率意也。
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柳永简介
唐代·柳永的简介
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柳永，（约987年—约1053年）北宋著名词人，婉约派代表人物。汉族，崇安（今福建武夷山）人，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又称柳七。宋仁宗朝进士，官至屯田员外郎，故世称柳屯田。他自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，以毕生精力作词，并以“白衣卿相”自诩。其词多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤长于抒写羁旅行役之情，创作慢词独多。铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，在当时流传极其广泛，人称“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”，婉约派最具代表性的人物之一，对宋词的发展有重大影响，代表作 《雨霖铃》《八声甘州》。
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