秋晓行南谷经荒村
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唐代]：柳宗元
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寒花疏寂历，幽泉微断续。
机心久已忘，何事惊麋鹿。
秋晓行南谷经荒村译文及注释
译文
秋末大地铺满浓霜寒露，清晨起来行经幽深山谷。
片片黄叶覆盖溪上小桥，荒凉村落只见一片古树。
天寒山花疏落寂寞，深涧泉水若断若续。
我久已忘却技巧心计，为何仍然惊动了麋鹿？
注释
南谷：在永州郊外。
杪（miǎo）秋：晚秋。杪，树梢。引申为尽头，多指年、月或季节的末尾。
幽谷：幽深的山谷。
覆：遮盖。
唯：只有。
寒花：即秋花，寒秋的山花。
疏：稀疏。
寂历：孤寂，这里指花不繁茂。历，单个。
幽泉：深山中流出的泉水。
微：指泉水很小。
机心：机巧之心，奸诈之心。《列子·黄帝》：“海上之人有好沤鸟者，每旦之海上，从沤鸟游。沤鸟之至者，百住而不止。其父日： ‘吾闻沤鸟，皆从汝游，汝取来吾玩之。’明旦之海上，沤鸟舞而不下也。”沤鸟之所以不下，是因为其父有机心。
何事：为何。
麋鹿：又名四不像，一种珍奇动物。
参考资料：
1、萧枫．《唐诗宋词元曲·卷二》．北京：线装书局，2002：570
2、不详．《文白对照：唐宋八大家集（1）》．天津：天津古籍出版社，1999：567
3、李志敏．《中华智慧教子经典全书·卷三》．北京：京华出版社，2006：99
4、孟二冬．《韩愈柳宗元诗选》．北京：中华书局，2006：207
5、杨竹邨．《柳宗元诗选注》．桂林：漓江出版社，1993：44
6、杨箫．《历朝田园渔樵诗》．北京：华夏出版社，1999：107
7、汪正楚．《中华唐诗传世名作一千首》．上海：上海大学出版社，2001：78
8、王松龄，杨立扬．《柳宗元诗文选译》（修订版）．南京：凤凰出版社，2011：12
秋晓行南谷经荒村创作背景
贞元二十一年（805），柳宗元因参加王叔文革新集团被贬为永州司马，开始了痛苦的谪居生活。因而无施展才华的机会，这便更加重了他的孤独、愤懑之感。由标题可知，诗是写作者在一个秋日的早晨赴南谷路经荒村的所见，并且以人的行踪为线索逐步展开。
参考资料：
1、李易，白淑嫒．《星垂平野阔·唐代诗歌卷》．西安：陕西人民教育出版社，1994：146-147
秋晓行南谷经荒村鉴赏
首联写诗人在晚秋时节，冒着早晨的霜露，走在幽深的山谷之中，字里行间流泻出一种跋涉之苦。其实，诗人现实的生活道路也是如此。首句的“杪秋”本已点明季节，但作者却仍嫌不足，在句尾又以“霜露重重”加重笔墨，进一步渲染了秋之已深。次句的“幽”字，则是强调了诗人所行山谷远离市井，幽深僻静。
接着，具体写经荒村所见。厚厚的黄叶覆盖着小溪上的桥面，荒村唯有古树处处可见，寒天的野花，稀疏零落，大地更显得空旷。山谷深处的泉水声微流缓，水声时断时续，更衬出大地的寂静。几句诗，写尽了南谷秋色和荒村的荒僻景象，给人以衰败、寥落之感。
诗人处境险恶，眼前如此萧疏荒寂的景色，很自然地触动了他的身世之感。作者在《始得西山宴游记》中曾这样说道：“自余为僇人，居是州，恒惴栗。”他也想驱除胸中的郁闷。可是，今天南谷之行却没有使他得到“心凝形释，与万化冥合”的轻松，反而更加重了他的孤独落漠之感。诗最后写的“机心久已忘，何事晾麋鹿”，表面上的超脱放达之态，实际上却反映了欲遣愁绪而不能，从而愁上加愁的心境罢了。
全诗紧扣题目，以标题中的“荒”字笼盖全篇，使诗人笔下的画面，涂上了一层惨淡之色，霜露、幽谷、黄叶、溪桥、古木、寒花和幽泉，无一不在它的笼罩之下，因而有力地突出了荒村的特点；而这个特点，又处处不离“杪秋”这个季节，使景物都具有浓厚的时令特色。
诗人笔下的景色写得真实、自然，同时又处处渗透着诗人的主观情憬。诗人特有的心境与眼前寥落衰败的景象相互交融，达到了情景交融的艺术境界。
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王维《
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山中》
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李煜《
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谢新恩·冉冉秋光留不住》
柳宗元简介
唐代·柳宗元的简介
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柳宗元（773年－819年），字子厚，唐代河东（今山西运城）人，杰出诗人、哲学家、儒学家乃至成就卓著的政治家，唐宋八大家之一。著名作品有《永州八记》等六百多篇文章，经后人辑为三十卷，名为《柳河东集》。因为他是河东人，人称柳河东，又因终于柳州刺史任上，又称柳柳州。柳宗元与韩愈同为中唐古文运动的领导人物，并称“韩柳”。在中国文化史上，其诗、文成就均极为杰出，可谓一时难分轩轾。
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