论诗五首
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清代]：赵翼
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满眼生机转化钧，天工人巧日争新。
预支五百年新意，到了千年又觉陈。
李杜诗篇万口传，至今已觉不新鲜。
江山代有才人出，各领风骚数百年。
只眼须凭自主张，纷纷艺苑漫雌黄。
矮人看戏何曾见，都是随人说短长。
少时学语苦难圆，只道工夫半未全。
到老始知非力取，三分人事七分天。
诗解穷人我未空，想因诗尚不曾工。
熊鱼自笑贪心甚，既要工诗又怕穷。
论诗五首译文及注释
译文
其一
大自然和人类社会不断的运动发展，新事物，新思想层出不穷。
即使能预支五百年的新意作，到了一千年又觉得陈旧了。
其二
李白和杜甫的篇曾经被成千上万的人传颂，但读起来感觉已经没有什么新意了。
国家代代都有很多有才情的人，他们的诗篇文章以及人气都会流传数百年。
其三
纷纷的艺苑里各种说法鱼龙混杂，良莠不齐，对错互见，深浅不一，对同一问题的看法有时也五花八门。这时需要的是独具慧眼，有自己的视角和观点。
如果自己见识低下，就像矮人看戏似的，自己什么也没看见，对戏的好坏心中没有定数，只是随声附和罢了。
注释
李杜：指李白、杜甫。
江山代有才人出：国家代代都有很多有才情的人。
风骚：指《诗经》中的“国风”和屈原的《离骚》。后来把关于诗文写作的诗叫做“风骚”。这里指在文学上有成就的“才人”的崇高地位和深远影响。
只眼：独到的见解，眼力出众。
艺苑：艺坛，艺术领域。
雌黄：即鸡冠石，黄赤色，可作颜料。古人写字用黄纸，写错了用雌黄涂掉再写。后用信口雌黄喻随口乱说。
论诗五首鉴赏
其二
第一、二句人指出，即使是李白、杜甫这样伟大的诗人，他们的诗篇也有历史局限性。
第三、四句诗人呼唤创新意识，希望诗歌写作要有时代精神和个性特点，大胆创新，反对演习守旧。
世人常常用这句诗来赞美人才辈出，或表示一代新人替换旧人，或新一代的崛起，就如滚滚长江，无法阻拦。
此反映了作者诗歌创作贵在创新的主张。他认为诗歌随时代不断发展，诗人在创作的时候也应求新求变，并非只有古人的作品才是最好的，每个时代都有属于自己的风格的诗人。写出了后人继承前人。本诗虽语言直白，但寓意深刻。“江山代有才人出，各领风骚数百年。”一句表达了文学创作随着时代变化发展的主题思想与中心。
赵翼论诗提倡创新，反对机械模式。他通过对诗家李白、杜甫成就的回顾，以历史发展的眼光来看，各个时代都有其标领风骚的人物，不必为古人是从。诗歌也应随着时代不断发展。
其三
这是一首作者表白自己的艺术主张的诗。指出文艺批评应提倡有独到的见解，不可鹦鹉学舌，人云亦云。
作者一针见血地指出：评论诗词的好坏优劣，应当有自己的见解和主张哪个，而不能像文坛艺苑中的某些人一样，心口雌黄。马克思哲学认为，要做到独具慧眼，深刻地认识、把握事物的本质，一是必须在实践中占有大量的感性材料；而是必须善于对感性材料进行“去粗取精、去伪存真、由此及彼、由表及里”的加工，实现由感性认识上升到理性认识的飞跃和发展。
前二句点出在纷纷的艺苑里各种说法鱼龙混杂，这时 需要的是独具慧眼，有自己的视角和观点。当然这是相当不容易的，需要自己有深厚的学养和阅历，成为“高人”。
后二句作一形象的比喻，用矮人看戏作比，矮人看戏时被前边的人挡住目光，哪里能看到戏台上的场景？戏散大家一起谈起来时，只能是附和人家的说法。这就好比我们自己对“艺苑”的看法，如果自己学力浅薄，不能“独具只眼”，那就只能“随人说短长”了，这种鹦鹉学舌，拾人牙慧的行为作者是坚决反对的。
这首诗继承以诗歌体裁论诗歌的传统，见解卓异，说理畅达。全诗看似佶手拈来、随手而出，但却具有极为精辟深刻的理论内涵。李白、杜甫被称为诗中仙圣，在唐代即受到推崇，如韩愈在仕由逝世时才3岁，后来他熟读李杜诗篇，作有《调张籍》一诗，其中有“李杜文章在，光芒万丈长”“伊我生其后，举颈遥相望”等语，可谓敬佩得五体投地。而后世特别是明清两代，对李杜的崇拜更是前所未有，并且普遍地认为诗自唐以来诗道不振，一代不如一代。甚至有人还提出从《诗经》以来每况愈下、自宋元以来无诗之论，这种看法在明清诗歌理论中占有主导地位。
诗人开篇即总论概述了这一普遍现象，以李杜为代表指出了他们的诗作固然光耀千秋，流传万古，其崇高地位与普及程度已是脸炙人家传户诵。接下来却陡然转笔，尖锐地指出了这种情况带来的另外的弊端：熟极而流，不仅令人觉得从内容到形式都没有新意，而且还隐隐含有这一现象在某一程度上阻碍了后世诗人的创新之意，其见解之深刻，笔触之辛辣，思虑之周到，足以发人深省。前两句并非真足在贬低李杜，而是为下文略作铺垫而已，以下即转入主题的抒发。
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上一首：
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李白《
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襄阳曲四首》
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下一首：
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李白《
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古风五十九首》
赵翼简介
唐代·赵翼的简介
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赵翼（1727年～1814年1月10日）清代文学家、史学家。字云崧，一字耘崧，号瓯北，又号裘萼，晚号三半老人，汉族，江苏阳湖（今江苏省常州市）人。乾隆二十六年进士。官至贵西兵备道。旋辞官，主讲安定书院。长于史学，考据精赅。论诗主“独创”，反摹拟。五、七言古诗中有些作品，嘲讽理学，隐寓对时政的不满之情，与袁枚、张问陶并称清代性灵派三大家。所著《廿二史札记》与王鸣盛《十七史商榷》、钱大昕《二十二史考异》合称清代三大史学名著。
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：
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