鹧鸪天·候馆灯昏雨送凉
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金朝]：元好问
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候馆灯昏雨送凉，小楼人静月侵床。多情却被无情恼，今夜还如昨夜长。
金屋暖，玉炉香。春风都属富家郎。西园何限相思树，辛苦梅花候海棠。
鹧鸪天·候馆灯昏雨送凉鉴赏
这首词主要是写别情。“候馆”是行人寄住的旅舍，昏灯凉雨是此时与他作伴的凄凉景物。“小楼”是居人所在的闺楼，明月照床衬托出她静夜无侣的孤栖境况。两者对举，构成一种典型的伤别怀人的抒情背景，由此决定了全词的情调氛围。“多情却被无情恼”。“今夜还如昨夜长”，分别借用苏轼《蝶恋花》和贺铸《采桑子》词原句，巧成对仗。在这里，多情的是人，无情的是前边两句所描写的环境中的自然之物。这种萧索的时令和孤独的环境，最容易唤起人的离愁别绪。“今夜还如昨夜长”一句，看似说得无谓，却告诉读者两层意思：一是受着相思的煎熬，耿耿难眠，故觉夜长；二是夜夜相思，不止一天了。
下片不再怨天，却转而尤人。“金屋暖，玉炉香”，与候馆、小楼清境相对，不仅标明是富家器物，而且又有金屋藏娇典故潜在的暗示，使人想到富家男女终日厮守，这和词中主人公的孤独况味形成强烈的对比。结尾两句寓情于景，谓将像梅花那样熬过寒冬，迎来海棠开放的春天。然而海棠开时，梅花也就凋零了。在自我宽慰中，希望与悲感交织，一线亮色中仍不免忧郁的灰青。
这是元好问以“鹧鸪天”词调所写“宫体八首”的第一首。元好问于词，似有集大成之意。这八首宫体词，并不像过去的宫体诗那样，偎玉倚香，剪红刻翠，不过偏重于写男女相思之情而已。这首词在写法上有几点令人称赏。在构思上，打破了柳永等人写羁旅愁思常用的今、昔、今的三段式，目光专注于眼前情景，把回忆的画面处理到幕后。这样就避开了往日相依相偎耳鬓厮磨的一般化描写，少了点曲折，却更显得单纯恳挚。其次，词的结尾以景结情，语淡情深。景又不似实景，乃近于诗的比兴，置于结尾，淡宕涵浑。其三，这首词擒离词造语，素朴清新，力避绮靡甜腻字面。若“金屋暖，玉炉香，春风都属富家郎”数句，直是乐府民歌之俊语。凡此诸方面，构成了质朴清纯的风格，依稀晚唐小词风味。
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上一首：
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柳永《
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婆罗门令·昨宵里恁和衣睡》
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下一首：
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晁补之《
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迷神引·贬玉溪对江山作》
元好问简介
唐代·元好问的简介
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元好问，字裕之，号遗山，太原秀容（今山西忻州）人；系出北魏鲜卑族拓跋氏，元好问过继叔父元格；七岁能诗，十四岁从学郝天挺，六载而业成；兴定五年（1221）进士，不就选；正大元年（1224 ），中博学宏词科，授儒林郎，充国史院编修，历镇平、南阳、内乡县令。八年（1231）秋，受诏入都，除尚书省掾、左司都事，转员外郎；金亡不仕，元宪宗七年卒于获鹿寓舍；工诗文，在金元之际颇负重望；诗词风格沉郁，并多伤时感事之作。其《论诗》绝句三十首在中国文学批评史上颇有地位；作有《遗山集》又名《遗山先生文集》，编有《中州集》。
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