殢人娇·后亭梅花开有感
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宋代]：李清照
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玉瘦香浓，檀深雪散。今年恨、探梅又晚。江楼楚馆，云闲水远。清昼永，凭栏翠帘低卷。
坐上客来，尊前酒满。歌声共、水流云断。南枝可插，更须频剪。莫直待西楼、数声羌管。
殢人娇·后亭梅花开有感译文及注释
译文
细细的梅枝,浓浓的梅香,馨香一直持续到雪化。想起赏梅，发现已经过了赏梅时节，只剩下遗憾。寄居在外，路途漫漫。白日如此漫长，倚栏望去。
宴上客人来来去去，杯中满是美酒。歌声唱合，如行云流水。那些最早开花的梅枝要在它们还没开败时，就要多采剪。人身的聚散本是匆匆，独上西楼，听那幽怨的羌笛声。
注释
①殢人娇：一名《恣逍遥》。
②玉瘦：比喻梅花的清秀之姿。
③檀：比喻花的香味。
④恨：遗憾。探：观赏。
⑤江楼楚馆：泛指旅舍。
⑥云闲水远：形容行程遥远。
⑦坐上两句：《三国志·崔琰传》注引张璠《汉纪》：孔融“爱才乐酒，常叹曰‘坐上客常满，樽中酒不空，吾无忧矣。’”
⑧南枝：向阳梅枝，最先发花。
⑨西楼：指思妇住处。
⑩羌管：即羌笛。笛曲中有《梅花落》，甚为凄凉。
参考资料：
1、杨合林.李清照集[M].湖南:岳麓书社出版社,1999.
殢人娇·后亭梅花开有感鉴赏
上片开门见山，吟咏梅花且叹悔此次赏梅又迟来了一步。梅花，以其寒冬腊月发花，且有坚贞耐寒之志而深受爱重，在我国历来有“国花”之称誉；其花五瓣，花色有白、亦有红；古人赏梅讲究“四贵”，除贵曲不贵直，贵疏不贵密之外，也贵梅花之瘦不贵其肥，贵梅花之合（含苞）而不贵其开（盛放）。“玉瘦香浓，檀深雪散，今年恨探梅又晚”是说：玉色的白梅花清瘦飘逸，浅红色的梅中上品檀香梅相形之下显得色泽浓艳，它们散发着袭人的香气；白雪正在消融，那雪压梅枝的美景已不见；真真令人遗憾，没想到赏梅竟然又来晚了。一个“又”字，表达了词中主人年年探梅、年年叹晚的心情；当然只有面对爱之甚深的对象，才会发出“恨晚”的叹息。此处也足见作者遣词匠心之一斑。
“江楼楚馆，云闲水远。清昼永，凭栏翠帘低卷”之句，交待了赏梅的环境地点、写出了远眺近俯的自然景色，也刻划出了一种闲适恬淡的心境。句中“楚馆”的“楚”字，本指春秋战国时的楚地，即今之湖南、湖北一带，此处泛指江南。在长江之滨的楚地南天，错落矗立着无数亭台楼馆，这里梅花竞放，又是赏梅的好去处；仰望白云闲散依蓝天而飘浮，俯视碧波涟漪逐江水而流逝；清凉的白昼是这样漫长，沉醉在阵阵梅香中的探梅人，凭倚着雕栏放眼远望，信手卷弄着低垂着的翠绿色的帷帘。上片至此而止，主要是侧重写景的幽深、人的安闲，为下片不平静心情的抒发埋下伏笔，达到以静衬动的效果；当然，如果说此处静中伏有波澜的活，便是“清昼永”中的“永”字撩起的。“永”是长的意思，人物感觉上的时间是长还是短，随人的心情而变：欢乐嫌短，愁苦恨长，这是人之常情。那么词中人“清昼永”之说，内里是否包含着几分惆怅。
下片“坐上客来，尊中酒满”两句写的是良友相聚、举杯飞觞、开怀畅饮、纵歌抒怀的场面。“歌声共，水流云断”，充满诗兴豪情的文人雅士对酒自是高歌，面对着象征高雅气节又令人心神陶醉的梅花。于是，群情激动，纵情引吭，你唱我和，这歌声充塞天地、嘹亮悠扬，上遏白云、下断流水。该词至此，欢乐之情已达顶巅，激越的情绪随着歌声止歇渐渐平静下来，另一种心态便代之而起，词人的笔触也宕然转开，回到赏梅的现场“南枝可插，更须频剪”，然后便在“莫直待，西楼数声羌管”的颇怀伤感的声中戛然止住。从字面意思看这几句是指点着眼前的梅树；那南边向阳枝头上的花儿令人喜爱，可以攀折供插，需趁着它方开未残，快多些采剪，或簪在鬓边，或插放几案，把梅的疏姿倩影和梅的寒香冷艳尽多的留在身边；千万不要等到花瓣残落、随风化泥的时刻再惆怅留连。弦外之音却是借物抒情，感伤光阴流逝，花开花落，容颜易老，聚少离多，人生得意与相聚之时需尽情欢畅，待到《梅花落》的曲调已经奏起，羌笛声声泣诉别离的时候，离愁别怨便会铺天盖地地袭来了。
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罗邺《
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梅花》
李清照简介
唐代·李清照的简介
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李清照（1084年3月13日～1155年5月12日）号易安居士，汉族，山东省济南章丘人。宋代（南北宋之交）女词人，婉约词派代表，有“千古第一才女”之称。所作词，前期多写其悠闲生活，后期多悲叹身世，情调感伤。形式上善用白描手法，自辟途径，语言清丽。论词强调协律，崇尚典雅，提出词“别是一家”之说，反对以作诗文之法作词。能诗，留存不多，部分篇章感时咏史，情辞慷慨，与其词风不同。有《易安居士文集》《易安词》，已散佚。后人有《漱玉词》辑本。今有《李清照集校注》。
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