新制布裘
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唐代]：白居易
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桂布白似雪，吴绵软于云。
布重绵且厚，为裘有余温。
朝拥坐至暮，夜覆眠达晨。
谁知严冬月，支体暖如春。
中夕忽有念，抚裘起逡巡。
丈夫贵兼济，岂独善一身。
安得万里裘，盖裹周四垠。
稳暖皆如我，天下无寒人。
新制布裘译文及注释
译文
洁白的桂布好似白雪，柔软的吴绵赛过轻云。
桂布多么结实，吴绵多么松厚，做一件袍子穿，身上有余温。
早晨披着坐，直至夜晚；夜晚盖着睡，又到早晨。
谁知道在这最冷的寒冬腊月，全身竟暖得如在阳春。
半夜里忽然有一些感想，抚摸着棉袍，起身逡巡。
啊，男子汉看重的是救济天下，怎么能仅仅照顾自身！
哪里有长达万里的大袍，把四方全都覆盖，无边无垠。
个个都像我一样安稳温暖，天下再没有受寒挨冻的人。
注释
布裘（qiú）：布制的绵衣。
桂布：即唐代“桂管”地区（今广西一带）所产木棉织成的布，尚不普遍，十分珍贵。
吴绵：当时吴郡苏州产的丝绵，非常著名。
余温：温暖不尽的意思。
拥：抱，指披在身上。
眠：睡。达晨：到早晨。
严冬：极冷的冬天。
支体：支同“肢”，支体即四肢与身体，意谓全身。
中夕：半夜。
逡（qūn）巡：走来走去，思考忖度的样子。
兼济：兼济天下，做利国利民之事。
独善：注重个人的思想品德修养。所谓“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下”。
安得：如何得到，期望马上得到。万里裘：长达万里的大袍。
周：遍。四垠，四边，即全国以内，普天之下。
稳暖：安稳和暖。
天下：全国。
参考资料：
1、吴大奎 马秀娟 ．元稹白居易诗选译 ．成都 ：巴蜀书社 ，1991 ：110-112 ．
新制布裘创作背景
关于此诗的创作时间，主要有两种说法：一说此诗约作于唐宪宗元元和元年（806年），是年冬天，作者新制布裘，一时有感，写了这首诗；另一说此诗约作于元和六年（811年）至八年（813年）之间，当时作者为母守孝居渭河北岸的渭村，经常与劳动人民接近，严冬时，由自己过着舒适的生活而想到广大人民的无衣无食，产生同情而作此诗。
参考资料：
1、吴大奎 马秀娟 ．元稹白居易诗选译 ．成都 ：巴蜀书社 ，1991 ：110-112 ．
2、陈友琴 等 ．白居易及其作品选 ．上海 ：上海古籍出版社 ，1998 ：114-115 ．
新制布裘鉴赏
白居易主张诗文“为君、为臣、为民、为物、为事而作，不为文而作”（《新乐府序》）；又说，“文章合为时而著，歌诗合为事而作”（《与元九书》）。这首诗完全体现了他的这种理论主张，既不为艺术而艺术，又不为自我而艺术。诗中反映出他能跨越自我、“兼济”天下的博大胸襟，表现了诗人推己及人、爱民“如我”的人道主义精神，以及封建社会开明官吏乐施“仁政”、惠及百姓的进步思想，激动人心。
“丈夫贵兼济，岂独善一身”是全诗的警句，反映了白居易的思想：大丈夫贵在兼济天下，做利国利民之事，不能只顾独善一身。白居易《与元九书》说：“古人云：穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。仆（白居易自谦称）虽不肖，常师此语……志在兼济，行在独善。”这两句可视为白居易的抱负和志向，也可视为他希望实行“仁政”的政治主张和处世哲学。这是古代正直的、欲有所作为的知识分子的处世哲学。
作品结尾四句“稳暖皆如我，天下无寒人”，源于杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》：“安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜，风雨不动安如山。”它表明，两位伟大诗人的博爱情怀都是一致的。宋代黄澈在《巩溪诗话》中曾对两诗的优劣进行了论述。其实这大可不必区分优劣。两人都是面对自我处境的一种超越，只不过老杜并未愁苦于个人饥寒、白氏并未沉溺于个人饱暖而已，皆为难能可贵。无论自身寒暖，诗人心中念念不忘、重重忧虑的都是天下百姓。
作品艺术的高明之处在于，表面写的是“稳暖”，实质写的是“仁政”。或者说，“稳暖”只是其写实，“仁政”才是其虚拟，即意象创造。白居易在唐文宗大和四年（830年）被任命为河南尹，辖区就是洛阳城。后来，他又写了一首内容相近的诗《新制绫袄成感而有咏》，其中写道：“百姓多寒无可救，一身独暖亦何情。心中为念农桑苦，耳里如闻饥冻声。争得大裘长万丈，与君都盖洛阳城。”同样表达了他的爱民激情，同时也蕴含着他的“仁政”理想。他在《醉后狂言酬赠萧殷二协律》诗中说得异常明确：“我有大裘君未见，宽广和暖如阳春；此裘非缯（古代丝织品总名）亦非纩（细丝绵），裁以法度絮以仁。刀尺钝拙制未毕，出亦不独裹一身。若令在郡得五考（唐制：经五次考绩才可转官。意谓任满），与君展覆杭州人。”显然，白氏所谓“裘”，实乃“法度”、“仁政”的一种象征。不管是“盖裹周四垠”，还是“都盖洛阳城”，均要实施“法度”、推行“仁政”。作为封建官吏，他要维护的当然是封建统治，但在客观上也给平民百姓带来一定益处。
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马致远《
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水仙子·春风骄马五陵儿》
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宋方壶《
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山坡羊·道情》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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明代：
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王夫之
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玉鳞遍覆软条青，合殿金铺尽日扃。唯有楼东人睡起，垆烟移远水晶瓶。