醉落魄·咏鹰
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清代]：陈维崧
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寒山几堵，风低削碎中原路。秋空一碧无今古，醉袒貂裘，略记寻呼处。
男儿身手和谁赌。老来猛气还轩举。人间多少闲狐兔。月黑沙黄，此际偏思汝。
醉落魄·咏鹰译文及注释
译文
几座山峦像墙般低矮，鹰在广阔平原上秋风迅猛急速地掠过大地。天空澄清静谧古今不变。醉酣敞开貂裘，约略记得当年打猎时呼鹰逐兽的事情。
男儿的空有一身武功绝技来和谁一争高下呢？年老了仍然意气飞扬，因为人间还有多少狐兔啊！月色昏沉，沙滩惨黄。在这样的时刻，我特别想你！
注释
醉落魄：词牌名。
堵：量词，座，这里指山。
风低：写鹰乘风低掠。
削碎中原路：形容鹰掠地飞过。
.秋空一碧：蓝天辽阔，万里无云。
无今古：古今一样的意思。无：不论，不分。
袒（tǎn）：裸露。
略记：大约记得。
寻呼：指猎人呼鹰寻猎。
赌：较量输赢。
轩举：高扬，意气飞扬。
闲狐兔：比喻小人，奸佞之徒。
汝：你，这里指鹰。
参考资料：
1、邬国平，顾易生编著．古典诗词今译与评析：上海教育出版社，2003：259
醉落魄·咏鹰创作背景
此词作于乙未、庚申即康熙十八年（1679）、十九年（1680）之际。属陈维崧后期作品。又查出当时一位词人曹贞吉《珂雪词》其集中亦有这同调同题之篇，显然是陈、曹互相唱酬之篇。
参考资料：
1、黄岳洲主编．中国古代文学名篇鉴赏辞典 下：华语教学出版社，2013：1256-1257
醉落魄·咏鹰鉴赏
词的题目为“咏鹰”，故多有将此篇划入咏物词者。然细味词情，其“咏物”的成分并不多，而是抒情主体“我”的形象更加突出些，在词篇中的比重也更大。故作借物咏怀题材来认识似更恰当。全词慷慨悲壮，抒发了作者怀才不遇、壮志难酬的忧愤。
词的上片咏物抒怀，即先以粗犷的笔墨刻画了苍鹰的高傲、威武的形象。接着由鹰及人，描写作者早年就憧憬并狂放地试着实践的雄劲健举的行为，词人通过一种画面的描写来表现他追求过的情景。既体物，又写情，咏写的是鹰，也是“我”，沟通的中介则是物“我”皆具有那一股一往无前的豪健之气。“寒山几堵”是背景，托出四堵之间的“中原路”从空间的开阔上显出了大体气势，衬托出搏击驰骋的宏伟的施展才干的舞台。“寒山”“秋风”“碧空”为雄鹰翱翔提供了一个广袤、辽远的天地。“寒”字写出秋山之肃杀。“几堵”，意为“几座”，突出山峦之高峻。“低”字写秋风之劲。“削碎”，是用夸张笔法突显风的猛烈。背景场面越广阔，翱翔的气概越宏大，氛围越浓烈，“风低削碎”是以影写形的手法，传神的把大鹰盘旋直下、呼啸而掠的威猛之势灵动写出。陈维崧青少年时期正是李自成义军转辗中原之时。“风低削碎中原路”之突出地点明中原路意图在清剿义军的理想境界有关。“秋空一碧无今古”从实的方面说天空确是今古都是一碧无际，从虚的角度言则是少年意气的志士眼中，那寥阔的人生背景从来都是属于自己的。“秋空一碧”的独韵单句，起着为前二句拉宽气势、扩大氛围的作用。“醉袒貂裘”的豪迈雄放又颇多清狂洒脱的神态，豪饮醉意浓重。“略记”一句是结上片，启承下片，由“鹰”化入人的镜头，即由物转为“我”。前面写鹰是渲染豪气，“醉袒貂裘”则是人的豪情，结合点是“豪”也即“猛气”。“略记寻呼处”朦朦其辞，融贯其意。寻呼的是鹰，更是寻呼“猛气”，这样就由物化为人，以便夹入议论式的抒情，使意与情趋入“理”化，也即达到深化的要求。这是增强抒情力度的需要。
下片抒情言志，其过片一句“男儿身手和谁赌”，用议论句，转得很妙。顺上阕驱鹰逐兽的场景直抒胸臆，表达了自己的牢骚不平，出语豪迈、悲愤，且精警犀利。空有一身武功绝艺，却只能在猎场上与人一赌高下，未免无聊。“和谁赌”暗藏了怀瑜握瑾而不见用的抑郁寡欢。“老来猛气还轩举”则表达了自己“老骥伏枥，志在千里；烈士暮年，壮心不已”的决心。紧接的一句“人间多少闲狐兔”，交代了词人发愤图强的原因。“闲狐兔”其实是奸佞小、恶人的代称。因为人间尚有很多的恶人、小人，在侵凌着正义和善良，所以“我”寝食难安，立志要像雄鹰搏击狐兔一样，去惩奸除弊，还人间以公道。这就是词人渴望施展抱负、建功立业的人生理想。下片末尾两个句子，用荒莽的景象收束全篇，于奔放之余作含蓄的曲折，呼应篇首的“寒山”二字。月黑沙黄，正是鹰出猎的时机，在这样的时刻，“我”是特别地想你，渴望能像你一样搏击于寥廓的天宇。着一“偏”字，可见出此人对鹰的喜爱。“此际偏思汝”有言外意，“思汝”，即“此际谁知我”，思的是鹰，思的是建功立业的才智之士，其实也是思作者自己，这种“思”换句话说也是作者的自我追求的表陈，寻求的思念的是被英主贤大臣的认识、赏识、承认，从而得以一展大才，有所建树。
从作者人生经历来看，多年科举不第。增添了作者心头的悲凉情绪，而朝廷的腐败，更增添了词人心头的激愤。郁悒的情怀通过咏鹰来表现，倒添了几分悲壮的色彩。全词咏鹰，不落行迹，句句切题，构思细密，用典精妙，措辞激烈，是清词豪放派的代表作。
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念奴娇·插天翠柳》
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夏完淳《
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一剪梅·咏柳》
陈维崧简介
唐代·陈维崧的简介
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陈维崧(1625～1682)清代词人、骈文作家。字其年，号迦陵。宜兴（今属江苏）人。清初诸生，康熙十八年(1679)举博学鸿词，授翰林院检讨。54岁时参与修纂《明史》，4年后卒于任所。
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以其清且芬，可服仍可餐。
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钱叔宝七十岁宴为文沽所役忽忽不暇存故人除夕把盏始悟叔宝七十诞辰遂成一律烧烛书之亦不暇辨为何语也
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明代：
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王世贞
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今年今日汝七帙，明日明正又一年。海屋春偷寒意入，骊珠月向晦时悬。
碧桃送实符同至，苍柏将图酒并传。手理蠹鱼千万卷，可能三度蚀神仙。