醉落魄·苏州阊门留别
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宋代]：苏轼
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苍颜华发，故山归计何时决！旧交新贵音书绝，惟有佳人，犹作殷勤别。
离亭欲去歌声咽，潇潇细雨凉吹颊。泪珠不用罗巾浥，弹在罗衫，图得见时说。
醉落魄·苏州阊门留别译文及注释
译文
容颜苍老，白发满头，回家的计划不知何时能实现。老友新朋都已断了联系，只有你殷勤为我设宴践行。
就要告别而去，开口未歌先凄咽，细雨和凉风吹打着面颊。不要用手帕擦眼泪，就任由它洒满衣衫吧，再次相会时，便把这作为相知、想念的凭证。
注释
醉落魄：词牌名。即《一斛珠》。据曹邺小说《梅妃传》载，唐玄宗封珍珠一斛密赐江妃。江妃不受，写下“长门自是无梳洗，何必珍珠慰寂寥”的诗句。玄宗阅后不乐，令乐府以新声唱之，名《一斛珠》。双调五十七字，仄韵。
苏州阊门：春秋末期，伍子胥始筑吴都，阊门是这座城池“气通阊阖”的首门。
佳人：指秦楼楚馆里的商女，这里指的是歌女。
参考资料：
1、《读点经典》编委会．豪放词圣苏东坡·辛弃疾名词名句：凤凰出版社，2012年6月：80-81
醉落魄·苏州阊门留别创作背景
此词作于宋神宗熙宁七年（1074年）九月。时苏轼离杭州赴密州（今山东诸城），途经苏州时，有歌妓阊门为他设宴饯行，词人将歌妓视作自己沦落天涯时的知音，遂赋此词以为酬赠。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋,周汝昌等 ．《唐宋词鉴赏辞典》（唐·五代·北宋卷）：上海辞书出版社，1988-04：720-721
醉落魄·苏州阊门留别鉴赏
词的上片先是直抒思乡之情，谓虽已“甚颜华发”，却是“故山归计”仍未决。以问句出之，见感慨更深。
词人此时因反对王安石变法，导致了“旧交新贵音书绝”。而且眼前，“惟有佳人，犹作殷勤别。”只有这位歌妓情意恳切，输肝沥胆，是可贵的知己。这首阊门留别词中，可以看到词人不仅以平等的态度对待侍宴的歌妓，对她以及她们寄予深刻的同情，而且进一步把佳人当作可以推心置腹的知音，把自己的宦游漂泊与歌妓不幸的命运联系起来。同是天涯沦落人，同样有不幸的命运，临别之际，作者自然会触动真情。
下片写与佳人依依惜别的深情。由“殷勤别”到“离亭欲去”，意脉相连，过片自然。不同的是上片由己及人，下片由人到己，充分体现出双方意绪契合，情感交流。歌妓擅唱，以歌赠别属情理之中。但与自己最爱重的知音作别，就必然是未歌先凄咽，以至于泣不成声。然而此时无声胜有声，一个“咽”字说尽了佳人的海样情深。十月初冬，寒风袭人，但双方只觉得离愁如满天细雨，纷纷扬扬，无穷无尽，一时意忘了冷风吹泪脸。
结句用武则天《如意娘》诗之诗意：“看朱成碧思纷纷，憔悴支离为忆君。不信比来长下泪，开箱验取石榴裙。”词人用意则更进一层，劝佳人不用罗巾揾泪，任它洒满罗衫，等待再次相会时，以此作为相知贵心的见证。这既是劝慰佳人，也是自我宽解，此时洒泪相别，但愿后会有期。
纵观苏轼的一生，一直处于“欲仕不能，欲隐不忍”的矛盾中。自因反对新法而离京后，他郁郁不得志，思归故里之情更为迫切。此词即流露出上述思想。
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高适《
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赋得还山吟送沈四山人》
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高适《
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别韦参军》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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