鹦鹉赋
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两汉]：祢衡
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时黄祖太子射，宾客大会。有献鹦鹉者，举酒于衡前曰：“祢处士，今日无用娱宾，窃以此鸟自远而至，明彗聪善，羽族之可贵，愿先生为之赋，使四座咸共荣观，不亦可乎？”衡因为赋，笔不停缀，文不加点。其辞曰：
惟西域之灵鸟兮，挺自然之奇姿。体金精之妙质兮，合火德之明辉。性辩慧而能言兮，才聪明以识机。故其嬉游高峻，栖跱幽深。飞不妄集，翔必择林。绀趾丹觜，绿衣翠衿。采采丽容，咬咬好音。虽同族于羽毛，固殊智而异心。配鸾皇而等美，焉比德于众禽？
于是羡芳声之远畅，伟灵表之可嘉。命虞人于陇坻，诏伯益于流沙。跨昆仑而播弋，冠云霓而张罗。虽纲维之备设，终一目之所加。且其容止闲暇，守植安停。逼之不惧，抚之不惊。宁顺从以远害，不违迕以丧生。故献全者受赏，而伤肌者被刑。
尔乃归穷委命，离群丧侣。闭以雕笼，翦其翅羽。流飘万里，崎岖重阻。逾岷越障，载罹寒暑。女辞家而适人，臣出身而事主。彼贤哲之逢患，犹栖迟以羁旅。矧禽鸟之微物，能驯扰以安处！眷西路而长怀，望故乡而延伫。忖陋体之腥臊，亦何劳于鼎俎？嗟禄命之衰薄，奚遭时之险巇？岂言语以阶乱，将不密以致危？痛母子之永隔，哀伉俪之生离。匪余年之足惜，愍众雏之无知。背蛮夷之下国，侍君子之光仪。惧名实之不副，耻才能之无奇。羡西都之沃壤，识苦乐之异宜。怀代越之悠思，故每言而称斯。
若乃少昊司辰，蓐收整辔。严霜初降，凉风萧瑟。长吟远慕，哀鸣感类。音声凄以激扬，容貌惨以憔悴。闻之者悲伤，见之者陨泪。放臣为之屡叹，弃妻为之歔欷。
感平生之游处，若埙篪之相须。何今日之两绝，若胡越之异区？顺笼槛以俯仰，窥户牖以踟蹰。想昆山之高岳，思邓林之扶疏。顾六翮之残毁，虽奋迅其焉如？心怀归而弗果，徒怨毒于一隅。苟竭心于所事，敢背惠而忘初？讬轻鄙之微命，委陋贱之薄躯。期守死以报德，甘尽辞以效愚。恃隆恩于既往，庶弥久而不渝。
鹦鹉赋鉴赏
东汉末年，朝廷暗弱群雄割据，面对统一天下重整纪纲的时代课题，那些凭镇压“黄巾”起家的大大小小的军政头头，个个野心勃勃欲夺天下，为此一时好像都求贤若渴、广纳贤才。可实际上个个又都惟我独尊，顺者昌逆者亡。麾下谋臣高参一旦在原则问题上表露“异见”，那就肯定没有好下场。祢衡本来是高才大才，据《后汉书》上说他少年时就以文才和辩能而扬名天下。当时身在曹营的名儒孔融也赞他“淑质贞亮英才卓荦”，还上表奏帝推荐了他。可因为他有个狂傲不羁的毛病，很快就被曹操给“打发”到刘表那儿去。刘表为了不想让曹操的借刀之计得逞，便又把他“推荐”到江夏太守黄祖那去了。起初，黄祖因他与自己的大儿子黄射很要好，对他还有几分欣赏，可后来遭他当众辱骂，盛怒之下一刀把他杀了。 祢衡死时才26岁，到死也没个官衔职称，墓碑上写的仅是“汉处士祢衡”。处士，即指未做官的文化人。如此境遇的他心里自然有着一腔愤懑的苦水了——这就是写这篇《鹦鹉赋》的心理背景。至于奉命提笔的具体缘由，他在此赋“序文”里有明确交代：一次黄射在鹦鹉洲上大会宾客，有人献鹦鹉并希望他能以鹦鹉为题作赋以“使四座咸共荣观”，于是他竟“笔不停缀、文不加点”地当即完成。因此这还是一篇颇有限制的“命题作文”。
全文给读者的总印象是寓意丰富、抒情含蓄、结构精巧、文字形象。
全文分两大层面，第一层（前三段）是咏赞“鸟之形质美”，即从多个侧面用多种手法描绘赞美鹦鹉鸟的超凡不俗。先写其丽容丽姿，再写鸟的聪明辩慧和情趣之高洁。如此便收得一箭双雕：既显扬出鹦鹉鸟之奇美，又暗示自己志向的高超和才智的出众。而其中第二段所写虞人们奉命布下天罗地网捕捉鹦鹉而献全鸟者受赏的细节，则更巧妙地影射出东汉末年权贵压迫忠正控制贤才的行径以及他自己被人几经转送的尴尬苦楚。第二层（后三段）则进一步抒写“鸟之神苦（困境与悲情）”。即美丽高洁的鹦鹉身陷笼槛却时时“想昆山之高岳，思邓林之扶疏”，又暗衬出他自己有志难酬有才无时的愤懑情怀。 以上所说便是该篇的“主脉”。此外，考虑到命题之需和扣题之宜，祢衡先生还于字里行间一石三鸟地满足了在场主客们各自的审美需求。它不仅给予了众宾客以“荣观”之乐，又点透出献鸟者的殷切之意。而面对着美鸟佳篇，宾客们得其欢乐之态和献鸟者自得之色等等，宴会主人也会油然而生得一番幸慰。所以该作真可谓是一石三鸟的神来之笔了。 鉴此，《鹦鹉赋》堪称汉以来顶尖级的赋体佳作，鹦鹉洲也因此享有盛名。比如唐代诗人崔颢那首绝妙的《黄鹤楼》里就有“晴川历历汉阳树，芳草凄凄鹦鹉洲”的名句。大诗人李白流放夜郎途中被赦返回时，眼望鹦鹉洲而触景生情便也吟得《望鹦鹉洲悲祢衡》，对作者祢衡的钦慕怜惜之情尽染笔端：“吴江赋《鹦鹉》，落笔超群英。锵锵振金玉，句句欲飞鸣。鸷鹗啄孤凤，千春伤我情。”
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柳宗元《
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永州八记》
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左思《
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三都赋》
祢衡简介
唐代·祢衡的简介
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祢衡（173-198年），字正平，平原郡（今山东临邑）人(《山东通志》载祢衡为今乐陵人）。东汉末年名士，文学家。与孔融等人亲善。后因出言不逊触怒曹操，被遣送至荆州刘表处，后又因出言不逊，被送至江夏太守黄祖处，终为黄祖所杀，终年26岁（《三国演义》中为24岁）。
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入奏行，赠西山检察使窦侍御
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唐代：
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杜甫
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窦侍御，骥之子，凤之雏。年未三十忠义俱，骨鲠绝代无。
炯如一段清冰出万壑，置在迎风寒露之玉壶。
蔗浆归厨金碗冻，洗涤烦热足以宁君躯。