过燕支寄杜位
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唐代]：岑参
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燕支山西酒泉道，北风吹沙卷白草。
长安遥在日光边，忆君不见令人老。
过燕支寄杜位译文及注释
译文
燕支山西面的酒泉道上，北风刮起狂沙，卷起白草。
那长安城在那遥远的日光边，我怀念你却无法相见，这种相思令我衰老。
注释
燕支：山名，又名焉支山，在今甘肃省丹东。杜位：杜甫的堂弟，李林甫的女婿，曾任考功郎中、湖州刺史。
酒泉：郡名，即肃州，今甘肃酒泉。
白草：边塞所长之牧草。
过燕支寄杜位鉴赏
此诗前两句“燕支山西酒泉道，北风吹沙卷白草”，极言塞外荒凉、酷虐的环境，极富塞外色彩，“燕支”“酒泉”，以西域的地名入诗，一望而知是北地边陲一带；“北风”“沙”“白草”，以特殊地域的自然景物入诗，给全诗罩上了一层沙海气息；“吹”“卷”，以独有的狂虐气势入诗，更给全诗贯注了一股粗犷的沙漠的血液。后两句“长安遥在日光边，忆君不见令人老”，直抒胸臆，表达诗人深切的思念之情。以“长安”与“日光”相比，暗用了晋明帝的典故。据《初学记》卷一引刘劭《幼童传》记载：明皇帝讳绍，字道畿，元皇帝长子也。幼而聪哲，为元帝所宠异。年数岁，尝坐置膝前，属长安使来，因问帝曰：“汝谓日与长安孰远？”对曰：“长安近。不闻人从日边来，只闻人从长安来，居然可知也。”元帝异之。明日，宴群僚，又问之。对曰：“日近。”元帝失色，问何以异昨日之言。”对曰：“举头不见长安，只见日，是以知近。”帝大悦。结句还可从《古诗十九首·行行重行行》“思君令人老，岁月忽已晚”中找到影子。如此用典无碍表达，更增诗句的人文气息。
全诗表达的感情虽极为普通，但表达方式却独具特色。以自己所处环境开篇，有一种向友人描述自己生活状况的意思，同时又意指自己在这苍凉、萧索的环境中，十分孤独，因而更加怀念友人，怀念那共处的美好时光；随即的直抒胸臆即是印证了这一意境。抒情中又有对典故的运用，且不着痕迹，浑然天成，更见诗人笔力之深厚。
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宋玉《
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风赋》
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江总《
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雨雪曲》
岑参简介
唐代·岑参的简介
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岑参（约715-770年），唐代边塞诗人，南阳人，太宗时功臣岑文本重孙，后徙居江陵。[1-2] 岑参早岁孤贫，从兄就读，遍览史籍。唐玄宗天宝三载（744年）进士，初为率府兵曹参军。后两次从军边塞，先在安西节度使高仙芝幕府掌书记；天宝末年，封常清为安西北庭节度使时，为其幕府判官。代宗时，曾官嘉州刺史（今四川乐山），世称“岑嘉州”。大历五年（770年）卒于成都。
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