巴陵夜别王八员外
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唐代]：贾至
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柳絮飞时别洛阳，梅花发后到三湘。
世情已逐浮云散，离恨空随江水长。
巴陵夜别王八员外译文及注释
译文
在一个柳絮纷飞的时节，我告别了故乡洛阳，经过千里跋涉，在梅花开放的寒冬到了三湘。
人世间的悲欢离合，盛衰荣辱，如同浮云一样，都是过眼云烟；可是，依依离情，却像那悠长的江水一样，绵绵不绝。
注释
巴陵：即岳州。《全唐诗》校：“一作萧静诗，题云‘三湘有怀’。”
三湘：一说潇湘、资湘、沅湘。这里泛指湘江流域，洞庭湖南北一带。《全唐诗》校：“到，一作‘在’。”
逐：随，跟随。
巴陵夜别王八员外创作背景
此诗载于《全唐诗》卷二三六，编在贾至卷下。按这种观点，此诗当作于贾至任岳州司马期间。唐肃宗乾元二年（759年），唐军伐安史乱军，贾至遂被贬为岳州司马。又逢友人王八员外被贬赴长沙。诗人和友人在仕途上都经受了同样的挫折，因此写下这样的送别之作。
参考资料：
1、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：231
2、何国治 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：643-644
巴陵夜别王八员外鉴赏
这是一首情韵别致的送别诗，一首贬谪者之歌。王八员外被贬长沙，因事谪守巴陵的作者给他送行。两人“同是天涯沦落人”，在政治上都怀才不遇，彼此在巴陵夜别，更增添了缠绵悱恻之情。
这首诗首先从诗人告别洛阳时写起：暮春时节，柳絮纷纷扬扬，诗人怀着被贬的失意心情离开故乡洛阳，在梅花盛开的隆冬时分，来到三湘。这里以物候的变化暗示时间的变换，深得《诗经·小雅·采薇》“昔我往矣，杨柳依依；今我来思，雨雪霏霏”的遗韵。开头两句洒脱灵动，情景交融，既点明季节、地点，又渲染气氛，给人一种人生飘忽、离合无常的感觉。回想当初被贬的情景，诗人不胜感慨，此时友人王八员外也遭逢相同的命运，远谪长沙，临别依依，感慨万端：第三句所说“世情”，可包括人世间的盛衰兴败，悲欢离合，人情的冷暖厚薄等。而这一切，诗人和王八员外都遭遇过，并都有过深切的感受。命运相同，相知亦深。世情如浮云，更添离情缱绻缠绵，有如流水之悠长深远。结句比喻形象，“空随”二字似写诗人的心随行舟远去，也仿佛王八员外载满船的离恨而去。一个“空”字，委婉地表达出一种无可奈何而又恋恋不舍的深情。
唐人抒写迁谪之苦、离别之恨者的诗作很多，可说各抒其情，各尽其妙。这首诗以迁谪之人送迁谪之人，离情倍添愁怅，故沉郁苍凉，情致深幽。一结有余不尽，可称佳作。
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苏轼《
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贾岛《
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忆江上吴处士》
贾至简介
唐代·贾至的简介
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贾至（718—772）字幼隣，唐代洛阳人，贾曾之子。生于唐玄宗开元六年，卒于唐代宗大历七年，年五十五岁。擢明经第，为军父尉。安禄山乱，从唐玄宗幸蜀，知制诰，历中书舍人。时肃宗即位于灵武，玄宗令至作传位册文。至德中，将军王去荣坐事当诛，肃宗惜去荣材，诏贷死。至切谏，谓坏法当诛。广德初，为礼部侍郎，封信都县伯。后封京兆尹，兼御史大夫。卒，谥文。至著有文集三十卷， 《唐才子传》有其传。
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