送李中丞之襄州
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唐代]：刘长卿
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流落征南将，曾驱十万师。
罢归无旧业，老去恋明时。
独立三边静，轻生一剑知。
茫茫江汉上，日暮欲何之。
送李中丞之襄州译文及注释
译文
这位漂泊流离的征南老将，当年曾经指挥过十万雄师。
后来他罢职回乡没有产业，到老年他还留恋贤明之时。
少壮时独立功勋三边平静，为国轻生只有随身佩剑知。
在茫茫的汉江上飘来荡去，日到黄昏你还想要去哪里？
注释
李中丞：生平不详。中丞：官职名，御史中丞的简称，唐时为宰相以下的要职。
流落：漂泊失所。征南将：指李中丞。
师：军队。
旧业：在家乡的产业。
明时：对当时朝代的美称。
三边：指汉代幽、并、凉三州，其地皆在边疆。此处泛指边疆。
轻生：不畏死亡。
江汉：指汉阳，汉水注入长江之处。
日暮：天晚，语意双关，暗指朝廷不公。何之：何往，何处去。
参考资料：
1、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：248
2、蘅塘退士 等．唐诗三百首·宋词三百首·元曲三百首．北京：华文出版社，2009：124
送李中丞之襄州创作背景
《送李中丞之襄州》，又作《送李中丞归汉阳别业》，大致为安史之乱平息不久后，刘长卿为李中丞被斥退罢归的不幸遭遇所感而作。
参考资料：
1、周啸天 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典补编．成都：四川文艺出版社，1990：224-225
送李中丞之襄州鉴赏
此诗抒发作者对主人公被斥退罢归的惋惜不满与感慨之情。起句以浩叹发出，“征南将”点明归者以前身份，就是这位南征北战的将军，如今却被朝廷罢斥遣归，投老江头，萧条南归，恓惶而去。“流落”二字融注情感，突发领起，总冒全首，含裹通体，撞心触眼，是为一篇主意所在，一起手即与别者连缀纽结，开出下文若大天地。此句从眼前事写起，次句叙其人先前军职显要，重兵在握。“驱”意为统率，下得有力。“十万师”而能驱遣自如，表现其叱咤风云的才干，足见其人的不凡。不过这些都成为过去，一个“曾”字，深深地荡入雄壮的岁月，饱含唏嘘惋叹。首联今昔对比，叙其身世处境，感慨难以名状。
颔联写友人困顿坎坷，仍眷恋朝廷。“罢归”“老去”指出将军“流落”之因，“归无旧业”说明题目的“襄州”，仅家徒四壁而已。也暗示其人一心戎马，为国征战不解营生。在“古木苍苍离乱后，几家同住一孤城”（《新息道中作》）的时代，老去投归，景况可想。两句上二下三，前后转折，意义上中间含个“而”字在，顿挫而沉郁，有杜诗风神。所谓“明时”，实则为作者对时局的微词。戎马一生、屡树战功的将军，却被罢斥，足见朝廷之“不明”。两句为对文，作互文看更有慨触。次句语由直寻，羌无故实，但“老去”犹“恋”，则使人不能不想起廉颇老矣还希重用的史实，而同情这位被迫退职的军人。
颈联两句又荡回过去，承“曾驱”来，追忆将军昔日独镇“三边”（泛指边防），敌寇生畏，关塞晏然，有功于国。次句为“一剑知轻生”的倒句。“一剑知”，意谓奔勇沙场，忠心可鉴，此外，出生入死，效命疆场，也只有随身伙伴——佩剑知道。有感于时局不明，焉得逢人而语，这是感慨系之的话。两句字斟句酌，句凝字稳。谓语“静”“知”殿在句后，以示其人的功业与赤心。独静三边，为国轻生，以示“罢归”，尚非其时。
以上六句都可视为挥手别后所思，尾联“茫茫江汉上，日暮欲何之”结到眼前，以实景束住，念及其故居旧业无存，因此有“欲何之”的忧问。既罢归而无所可去，伤其恓惶流落，老而不遇。这末尾回首一问，既关合“罢归”句，又与起手“流落”语意连成一片。日暮苍苍，汉水茫茫，老将白发，归去何方。沉沉暮色吞去了一片孤帆，茫茫汉江也似乎吞没了诗人关照的疑问，“欲何之”的关注之情，也使人思绪波荡，触动读者深切的寻思和悬念。
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晏殊《
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踏莎行·祖席离歌》
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陆游《
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送仲高兄宫学秩满赴行在》
刘长卿简介
唐代·刘长卿的简介
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刘长卿(约726 — 约786)，字文房，汉族，宣城（今属安徽）人，唐代诗人。后迁居洛阳，河间（今属河北）为其郡望。玄宗天宝年间进士。肃宗至德中官监察御史，后为长洲县尉，因事下狱，贬南巴尉。代宗大历中任转运使判官，知淮西、鄂岳转运留后，又被诬再贬睦州司马。德宗建中年间，官终随州刺史，世称刘随州。
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