采桑子·九日
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清代]：纳兰性德
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深秋绝塞谁相忆，木叶萧萧。乡路迢迢。六曲屏山和梦遥。佳时倍惜风光别，不为登高。只觉魂销。南雁归时更寂寥。
采桑子·九日译文及注释
译文
深秋时分，在这遥远的边塞，有谁能记得我？树叶发出萧萧的声响。返乡之路千里迢迢。家和梦一样遥不可及。重阳佳节，故园风光正好，离愁倍增。不愿登高远望。只觉心中悲伤不已。当鸿雁南归之际，将更加冷落凄凉。
注释
九日。即农历九月九日，是为重阳节。逢此日，古人要登高饮菊花酒，插茱萸，与亲人团聚。
绝塞：极遥远之边塞。
木叶：木叶即为树叶，在古典诗歌中特指落叶。
萧：风声；草木摇落声。
迢迢（tiáo）：形容遥远。
六曲句：六曲屏山，曲折之屏风。因屏风曲折若重山叠嶂，或谓屏风上绘有山水图画等，故称“屏山”。此处代指家园。这句是说，故乡那么遥远，只有在梦中才能见到她。
登高：重阳有登高之俗。
魂销：极度悲伤。
参考资料：
1、张秉戍．纳兰词笺注 ：北京出版社 ，2005-5-1 ：294 ．
2、徐燕婷、朱慧国 ．纳兰词评注 ：上海三联书店 ，2014-1 ：385 ．
采桑子·九日创作背景
康熙二十一年（1682）壬戌，时纳兰性德二十八岁。八月，与郎谈出使梭龙。这一年十二月返京，《采桑子·九日》此行中约作。纳兰写此词时，正使至塞外，自然佳节思亲，倍感形单影只、孤独寂寞，遂填此以寄乡情。
参考资料：
1、张秉戍 ．纳兰词笺注 ：北京出版社 ，2005-5-1 ：294 ．
采桑子·九日鉴赏
纳兰容若一向柔情细腻，这阙《采桑子》却写得十分简练壮阔，将边塞秋景和旅人的秋思完美地结合起来。仅用聊聊数十字写透了天涯羁客的悲苦，十分利落。上阙写秋光秋色，落笔壮阔，“六曲屏山和梦遥”点出边塞山势回环，路途漫长难行，遥应了“绝塞”一词，亦将眼前山色和梦联系起来，相思变得流水一样生动婉转，意境深广。下阙更翻王维诗意，道出了不为登高。只觉魂销这样仿佛雨打残荷般清凉警心的句子，轻描淡写地将王维诗意化解为词意，似有若无，如此恰到好处。结句亦如南雁远飞般空旷，余意不尽。大雁有自由飞回家乡，人却在这深秋绝塞路上渐行渐远。愁情沁体，心思深处，魂不堪重负，久久不消散。
“不为登高。只觉魂销“一句，词中有诗的意境。也非是用词这种格式流水潺潺地表达，换另一种都不会如此完美。“青山隐隐水迢迢，秋尽江南草木凋“是杜牧诗中意境；“遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。“是王维诗中景象。而今，这一切尽归容若。容若此词，看似平淡，其实抬手间已化尽前人血骨。
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陈师道《
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次韵李节推九日登南山》
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赵时春《
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原州九日》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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