己酉岁九月九日
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魏晋]：陶渊明
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蔓草不复荣，园木空自凋。
清气澄余滓，杳然天界高。
万化相寻绎，人生岂不劳？
从古皆有没，念之中心焦。
何以称我情？浊酒且自陶。
千载非所知，聊以永今朝。
己酉岁九月九日译文及注释
译文
衰颓零落秋已晚，寒露凄风相缭绕。
蔓草稀疏渐枯萎，园中林木空自凋。
清澄空气无尘埃，天宇茫茫愈显高。
悲切蝉鸣已绝响，成行大雁啼云霄。
万物更替常变化，人生怎能不辛劳！
自古有生即有死，念此心中似煎熬。
如何方可舒心意，饮酒自能乐陶陶。
千年之事无需知，姑且行乐尽今朝。
注释
靡靡（mǐ）：零落的样子。陆机《叹逝赋》：”亲落落而日稀，友靡靡而愈索。”已夕：己晚。
蔓草：蔓生的草。蔓：细长不能直立的茎，木本曰藤，草木曰蔓。
余滓（zǐ）：残余的渣滓，指尘埃。
丛雁：犹群雁。丛：聚集。
万化：万物，指宇宙自然。
没：指死亡。
称（chèn）：适合。
永：延长。《诗经·小雅·白驹》：“絷之维之，以永今朝。”
参考资料：
1、孟二冬 ．陶渊明集译注 ：昆仑出版社 ，2008-01 ．
己酉岁九月九日创作背景
此诗作于晋义熙五年（409），陶渊明四十五岁。陶渊明归园田居躬耕已四年余。去岁六月遇火，如今“茅茨已就治”，重新恢复了乡间常规生活。又是重九暮秋，伤时悲逝，油然而生。退出纷争的官场，归耕于寂静的田村，时感的强烈是自然之事。母孟氏、程氏妹的先后下世，渊明十分哀伤，常触发人生短促之慨。
参考资料：
1、柯宝成编著．陶渊明全集：崇文书局，2011.12：第121页
己酉岁九月九日鉴赏
本诗章法平简，前八句写景，后八句抒情。然而由于诗人的高超朴真，前后之间丝毫没有隔离之感，而是浑然一体，一样的自然洒脱。陶渊明写秋，可谓一绝。
这首诗是公元409年（义熙五年）重阳节作，前八句“靡靡秋已夕，凄凄风露交。蔓草不复荣，园木空自凋。清气澄余滓，杳然天界高。哀蝉无留响，丛雁呜云霄”描写时景。
第一、二句“靡靡秋已夕，凄凄风露交。”写的是九月已是暮秋，凄凉的风露交相来到。“靡靡”，渐渐的意思。用这“靡靡”与下“凄凄”两个细声叠词，似乎也传出了深秋特殊的气息，这两句是概括描写，点明秋天将尽，风霜时下，定下凄清寒凉的基调。
下两句写园林，“蔓草不复荣，园木空自凋。”有顽强生命力的蔓草也不再生长了，园中树木也纷纷凋零，这见出秋气摧败零落的厉害，“空自”，含有无可如何之意。这二句是凄凄风露交的结果之一，是前二句的续写，也是对自身生命价值的悲悼。
再两句写天空，“清气澄余滓，杳然天界高。”抬眼望去，只见清凉的秋风澄净了空气中本已不多的尘埃，天界显得多么高远，正所谓天高气爽啊！是包含了天色和心理感觉两个方面，这“杳然天界高”中就显出了目接秋空时那种新鲜感、那种精神的超旷感。这二句着重写静，得力于作者炼字之功，犹如“平畴交远风，良苗亦怀新”，“鸟瞬欢新节，泠风送馀善”之类一样清新，只是格调显得凄凉一些。
下面两句写“群动”，“哀蝉无留响，丛雁鸣云霄。”秋末有似哀鸣的几声蝉叫已然尽绝了，众雁早在云霄列阵，已然呜叫着从北方迁而来。这一息一鸣，把节序的变迁表现得更强烈了，那嘹唳的雁声又最能引发人的悲凉意绪。这二句是写动，述时光消逝得快；又借蝉雁哀鸣，写作者的哀感。这三个层次的描写，空间的变化、感觉的变化，历历分明。
后面八句“万化相寻绎，人生岂不劳？从古皆有没，念之中心焦。何以称我情？浊酒且自陶。千载非所知，聊以永今朝”是感想。
“万化相寻绎，人生岂不劳？”“万化”，万物的变化。“寻绎”，连续不断。万物演化变迁，那是循环往复的，有死有生，有生有死；人生在世亦复如此，岂能不劳累呢？这是指上面所写的那些变化。于是自然联想到人生。人生没有不忧劳的。正如后来欧阳修所说，“百忧感其心，万事劳其形，有动于中，必摇其精”，自然易于衰老了。万事万物都在生生灭灭，人也如此，人的生命总有终结的一天，死生的大哀曾纠缠过每一个有理智的人。陶渊明也不例外；何况今天是重阳节，这是个吉利的日子，九月九象征长久，这就更能激起他的忧生之嗟了。
下面他说：“从古皆有没，念之中心焦”。这个“焦”字把那无可名状的痛苦表达出来了。然而，万物变迁，自古皆有灭亡，想念起来心中有如焦焚。写到这里可以说他的心情是极不平静，但他又是个通达的人，他不会像阮籍那样作穷途之哭的，他是有控制自己情绪的精神支柱，委运任化，顺乎自然。
最后他写道：“何以称我情？浊酒且自陶。千载非所知，聊以永今朝。”他说：有什么可以使我称心呢？没有啊！所以，姑且饮此浊酒吧，饮酒之中可暂得快乐千年的变化不是我所能了解的，还是来歌咏（永）今朝吧。执着于“今朝”，把握这可以把握的实在的人生。最后二句意谓恢复到千载之前的淳真社会已然不可料想，那么，只有欢度今朝，自我完善了。这样他就可以做到“纵浪大化中，不喜亦不惧”。这里他似乎是在“借酒浇愁”，但并不怎么勉强。重阳节的习俗就是喝酒，这个应节的举动正好作了他消解万古愁的冲剂。
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陶渊明《
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己酉岁九月九日》
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杜甫《
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九日五首·其一》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。
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宋代：
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陶梦桂
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一生受用燕营窠，百岁光阴马驻坡。
晚境喜无干己事，故人远寄歇心歌。
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过南墅怀寒岩二首
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宋代：
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释善珍
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草没亭台不见踪，故交掩泪立寒风。
食鱼客去余空馆。放鹤童归弃旧笼。