木兰花·拟古决绝词柬友
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清代]：纳兰性德
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人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇。
等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。(一作：却道故心人易变)
骊山语罢清宵半，泪雨霖铃终不怨。(一作：泪雨零/夜雨霖)
何如薄幸锦衣郎，比翼连枝当日愿。
木兰花·拟古决绝词柬友译文及注释
译文
人生如果都像初次相遇那般相处该多美好，那样就不会有现在的离别相思凄凉之苦了。
如今轻易地变了心，你却反而说情人间就是容易变心的。
想当初唐皇与贵妃的山盟海誓犹在耳边，却又最终作决绝之别，即使如此，也生不得怨。
现在我身边的薄幸锦衣郎，还不如当年唐明皇许过比翼连枝愿。
注释
柬：给……信札。
“何事”句：用汉朝班婕妤被弃的典故。班婕妤为汉成帝妃，被赵飞燕谗害，退居冷宫，后有诗《怨歌行》，以秋扇闲置为喻抒发被弃之怨情。南北朝梁刘孝绰《班婕妤怨》诗又点明“妾身似秋扇”，后遂以秋扇见捐喻女子被弃。这里是说本应当相亲相爱，但却成了相离相弃。
故人：指情人。却道故人心易变（出自娱园本），一作“却道故心人易变”。
“骊山”二句：用唐明皇与杨玉环的爱情典故。《太真外传》载，唐明皇与杨玉环曾于七月七日夜，在骊山华清宫长生殿里盟誓，愿世世为夫妻。白居易《长恨歌》：“在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿作连理枝。”对此作了生动的描写。后安史乱起，明皇入蜀，于马嵬坡赐死杨玉环。杨死前云：“妾诚负国恩，死无恨矣。”又，明皇此后于途中闻雨声、铃声而悲伤，遂作《雨霖铃》曲以寄哀思。这里借用此典说即使是最后作决绝之别，也不生怨。
薄幸：薄情。锦衣郎：指唐明皇。
参考资料：
1、新东方网.木兰花·拟古决绝词柬友
木兰花·拟古决绝词柬友创作背景
这首《木兰花令》常被我们当做爱情诗来读，其实只要稍微下一点功夫的话，就会在道光十二年结铁网斋刻本《纳兰词》里看到词牌下边还有这样一个词题：“拟古决绝词，柬友”，也就是说，这首词是模仿古乐府的决绝词，写给一位朋友的。
木兰花·拟古决绝词柬友鉴赏
词题说这是一首拟古之作，其所拟之《决绝词》本是古诗中的一种，是以女子的口吻控诉男子的薄情，从而表态与之决绝。如古辞《白头吟》、唐元稹《古决绝词三首》等。纳兰性德的这首拟作是借用汉唐典故而抒发“闺怨”之情。
用“决绝”这个标题，很可能就是写与初恋情人的绝交这样一个场景的。这首词确实也是模拟被抛弃的女性的口吻来写的。
“人生若只如初见”：初相遇的时候，一切都是美好的，所有的时光，都是快乐的。即使偶有一些不如意的地方，也甘心消受，因为抱着憧憬，所以相信一切只会越来越好。所有的困难，都是微不足道，与意中人的相处也应像初见那般甜蜜温馨，深情快乐，可蓦然回首，曾经沧海，早已是，换了人间。。
“何事秋风悲画扇”一句用汉朝班婕妤被弃的典故。扇子是夏天用来趋走炎热，到了秋天就没人理睬了，古典诗词多用扇子的来比喻被冷落的女性。这里是说本应当相亲相爱，但却成了相离相弃。又将词情从美好的回忆一下子拽到了残酷的现实当中。
“等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变”二句：因为此词是模拟女性的口吻写的，所以从这两句写出了主人公深深地自责与悔恨。纳兰不是一个负心汉，只是当时十多岁的少年还没主宰自己的命运。其实像李隆基这样的大唐皇帝都保不住心爱的恋人，更何况是纳兰。
“骊山语罢清宵半，夜雨霖铃终不怨”：这一句来自于唐明皇和杨贵妃的典故，《太真外传》中记载，唐明皇与杨玉环曾于七月七日夜，在骊山华清宫长生殿里盟誓，愿世世为夫妻。白居易《长恨歌》中的“在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿作连理枝。”更是对此作了生动的描写，当时这二人的感情被传为佳话。后安史乱起，明皇入蜀，在马嵬坡无奈处死杨玉环。杨玉环死前云：“妾诚负国恩，死无恨矣。明皇后来在途中听到雨声、铃声而悲伤，遂作《雨霖铃》曲以寄哀思。这里借用此典说即使是最后作决绝之别，也不生怨。
“何如薄幸锦衣郎，比翼连枝当日愿”：这里化用唐李商隐《马嵬》“如何四纪为天子，不及卢家有莫愁”的句意。女子将二人比作明皇与贵妃，可是你又怎么比得上当年的唐明皇呢，他总还是与杨玉环有过比翼鸟、连理枝的誓愿!意思是纵死而分离，也还是刻骨地念念不忘旧情。整首诗到这里就结束了，但女子的哀怨之情却持久的缠绵在读者心中，久久不曾消退。
这首词以一个女子的口吻，抒写了被丈夫抛弃的幽怨之情。词情哀怨凄婉，屈曲缠绵。“秋风悲画扇”即是悲叹自己遭弃的命运，“骊山”之语暗指原来浓情蜜意的时刻，“夜雨霖铃”写像唐玄宗和杨贵妃那样的亲密爱人也最终肠断马嵬坡，“比翼连枝”出自《长恨歌》诗句，写曾经的爱情誓言已成为遥远的过去。而这“闺怨”的背后，似乎更有着深层的痛楚，“闺怨”只是一种假托。故有人认为此篇别有隐情，词人是用男女间的爱情为喻，说明与朋友也应该始终如一，生死不渝。
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李白《
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金陵望汉江》
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李端《
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妾薄命》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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孙承恩
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云里古寺深，寒威凛毛发。蹇驴踏山径，不惮溪桥滑。