渔父·浪花有意千里雪
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五代]:李煜
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渔父·浪花有意千里雪译文及注释
译文
江上千里浪花翻滚如雪,岸上一排排的桃花竞相怒放,春意正浓。身边一壶美酒,手中一支钓竿,世上这样自由快乐的人有几个?
注释
渔父:词调名,又名“渔父词”、“渔歌子”,单调,正体为二十七字,五句四平韵。
浪花:一作“阆(láng)苑”,指传说中神仙居住的地方。
有意:一作“有情”。
千里:一作“千重”。
桃花:一作“桃李”。
一队春:指桃李盛开,由近及远,好像队列有序一样排列着。
一竿身:一根钓竿。身,一作“纶”,一作“鳞”。
快活:一作“世上”。
侬(nóng):我,江南口语。
参考资料:
1、南唐·李煜 著;文东 注.李煜词选注.长春:吉林文史出版社,2001年:8-10
2、钟礼平 编著.新编宋词三百首全译本.深圳:海天出版社,2013年:7
渔父·浪花有意千里雪创作背景
这是一首题画词,具体创作时间不详。是词人为南唐内供名画家卫贤绘制的《春江钓叟图》所题。
参考资料:
1、檀作文,万希 编著. 中国古典诗词精品赏读 李煜.北京:五洲传播出版社,2006年:15-17
渔父·浪花有意千里雪鉴赏
这首词是题《春江钓叟图》画之词。据《南唐书·后主纪》载:“文献太子恶其有奇表,后主避祸,惟覃思经籍。”由此,也有人认为,这首词是“后主为情势所迫,沈潜避祸,隐遁世尘并写词表露自己的遁世之心,以释文献太子的疑嫉”(蒲仁、梅龙《南唐二主词全集》辑注),也有道理。词史上最早写《渔父》词的,是唐代的张志和。李煜这首词,继承的就是张志和的“渔父家风”,写渔父的快乐逍遥。从词意上看,此词耽于隐逸、格调不高,当是李煜前期意念消沉的作品。
此词开篇入画,将画中意境以言辞写出,以画境言心境。“浪花”成“千里雪”,“桃花”作“一队春”,写春江浪涌,春光明媚。一队”后着一“春”字,不仅显示出桃李的生机,而且又透出别样的俏皮,绘出明畅绚丽的意境。这两句寥寥数字便将画中意境描绘得淋漓尽致:画中的主人公渔父,趁着春江水涨,驾一叶小舟,随水顺风而下;好风推舟行进,轻舟分浪飞驶,浪花迎面而来,如溅起千里雪;渔父心中开怀,而浪花也似有意;船行浪中,两岸桃红李白,列队相随,花树多情,渔父恬畅。
余下三句描写了渔父的装束,是点睛之笔,写出了渔父淡泊潇洒的人生境界。两个三字句看似信手拈来,其实也是锤炼的结果:“一壶酒”写出渔父的精神状态;“一竿纶”点明渔父的职业和身份。单说“一壶酒”,也许还可以联想到别的人;但紧跟着说“一竿纶”,则肯定是渔父无疑了。末句突现高峰——“世上如侬有几人”,这句话是渔父的自述:在尘世上,像我这样自在快活的人,恐怕不多。这位钓叟,无风波之险,而有自然之乐,在自己的糊口生涯中找到乐趣。他摆脱世俗的羁绊,避开名利的枷锁,自在逍遥,令人羡慕不已。
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苏轼《
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李思训画长江绝岛图》
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下一首:
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杨维桢《
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题春江渔父图》
李煜简介
唐代·李煜的简介
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李煜,五代十国时南唐国君,961年-975年在位,字重光,初名从嘉,号钟隐、莲峰居士。汉族,彭城(今江苏徐州)人。南唐元宗李璟第六子,于宋建隆二年(961年)继位,史称李后主。开宝八年,宋军破南唐都城,李煜降宋,被俘至汴京,封为右千牛卫上将军、违命侯。后因作感怀故国的名词《虞美人》而被宋太宗毒死。李煜虽不通政治,但其艺术才华却非凡。精书法,善绘画,通音律,诗和文均有一定造诣,尤以词的成就最高。千古杰作《虞美人》、《浪淘沙》、《乌夜啼》等词。在政治上失败的李煜,却在词坛上留下了不朽的篇章,被称为“千古词帝”。
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